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Las personas tienden a tener expectativas demasiado confiadas sobre sí mismas y sobre el futuro. Las cogniciones y emociones negativas tienen efectos directos sobre la agresión; sin embargo, pocos estudios han considerado la relevancia de las cogniciones positivas, como la autoconfianza y el optimismo. En este estudio, hemos tratado de evaluar si el sesgo de optimismo, la autopercepción positiva y la autoconfianza predicen la agresión en los hombres. También analizamos si la testosterona y el cortisol median la relación entre cogniciones positivas y agresión. Nuestros resultados indican que el sesgo de optimismo y la autoconfianza son predictores significativos de agresión. Aunque las hormonas esteroides predijeron la aparición de cogniciones positivas, ninguna medida hormonal medió la relación del optimismo o de la autoconfianza con el comportamiento agresivo. Por lo tanto, las cogniciones positivas, principalmente el sesgo de optimismo, pueden desempeñar un papel en la agresividad masculina, posiblemente a través de la reducción del control de impulsos, lo que aumenta los comportamientos de riesgo. 

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