Contenido principal del artículo

Sergio Barbosa
Camilo Andrés Ordóñez
Laura Andrea León
Andrés David Huerfia Coronado

La contención del covid-19 implica desafíos para los gobiernos y las autoridades de salud pública, a fin de motivar a los ciudadanos a que adopten las conductas de prevención (i.e., usar tapabocas, lavarse las manos frecuentemente). El propósito de este artículo es identificar los factores que motivan a las personas a adoptar tales conductas. Nuestro análisis se realizó con datos recolectados por ascofapsi y la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona sobre actitudes y creencias acerca de la pandemia de 919 personas de Colombia. Con este análisis encontramos que cada clase de conducta de prevención está motivada por un conjunto de factores diferentes. Específicamente, asumiendo la teoría de la acción planeada, nuestros resultados dan soporte a la tesis de que la intención de adoptar un tipo de conducta de prevención está predicha por un conjunto de variables sobre normas subjetivas y actitudes como variables independientes y un conjunto de variables vinculadas al control comportamental percibido como variables mediadoras. Esto sugiere que la motivación hacia las conductas de prevención por parte de las autoridades debería ser particular a cada tipo de conducta de prevención, y debería considerar el patrón de motivación particular asociado, así como particularidades sociodemográficas y diferentes posibilidades de acción.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.
Barbosa, S., Ordóñez, C. A., León, L. A., & Huerfia Coronado, A. D. (2023). Intenciones y determinantes del comportamiento ante la pandemia de covid-19: un modelo de teoría del comportamiento planificado y percepción del riesgo. Avances En Psicología Latinoamericana , 41(2), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.12151

Abrams, E. M., & Greenhawt, M. (2020). Risk communication during COVID-19. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 8(6), 1791-1794. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2020.04.012

Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T

Ajzen, I. (2006). Behavioral interventions based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. https://people.umass.edu/aizen/pdf/tpb.intervention.pdf

Ajzen, I. (2011) The theory of planned behaviour: Reactions and reflections, Psychology & Health, 26(9), 1113-1127. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2011.613995

Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá. (2020). Cultura ciudadana frente a la crisis del Coronavirus - Tracking seguimiento - diciembre 15 de 2020 [Civic culture in the face of Coronavirus- Tracking- December 15, 2020]. https://bogota.gov.co/sites/default/files/inline-files/tracking-covid-dic-10-cc-alcaldia.pdf

Ali, T. O., Hassan, M., & Hossain, N. (2021). The moral and political economy of the pandemic in Bangladesh: weak states and strong societies during COVID-19. World Development, 137, Article 105216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105216

Barakat, A. M., & Kasemy, Z. A. (2020) Preventive health behaviours during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic based on health belief model among Egyptians. Middle East Current Psychiatry, 27(43), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-020-00051-y

Barrios, J. M. & Hochberg, Y. (2020). Risk perception through the lens of politics in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc., Working paper 27008. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27008

Byrd, N., & Bialek, M. (2021). Your health vs. my liberty: philosophical beliefs dominated reflection and identifiable victim effects when predicting public health recommendation compliance. Cognition, 212, Article 104649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104649

Christner, N., Sticker, R. M., Söldner, L., Mammen, M., & Paulus, M. (2020). Prevention for oneself or others? Psychological and social factors that explain social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Health Psychology, 27(6), 1342-1353. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105320980793

Colombia, Instituto Nacional de Salud [INS]. (2023). COVID-19 en Colombia [COVID-19 in Colombia]. https://www.ins.gov.co/Noticias/paginas/coronavirus.aspx

Colombia, Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. (2020a). Colombia confirma su primer caso de COVID-19 [Colombia confirms the first case of COVID-19]. https://www.minsalud.gov.co/Paginas/Colombia-confirma-su-primer-caso-de-COVID-19.aspx

Colombia, Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. (2020b). Minsalud confirma seis nuevos casos de coronavirus (COVID-19) en Colombia [Minsalud confirms six new cases of coronavirus (COVID-19) in Colombia]. https://www.minsalud.gov.co/Paginas/Minsalud-confirma-seis-nuevos-casos-de-coronavirus-(COVID-19)-en-Colombia.aspx

Colombia, Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. (2020c). Presidente Duque declara Emergencia Sanitaria frente a COVID-19 [President Duque declares health emergency with regards to COVID-19]. https://www.minsalud.gov.co/Paginas/Presidente-Duque-declara-Emergencia-Sanitaria-frente-a-COVID-19.aspx

Colombia, Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. (2020d). Por COVID-19, se limitan eventos masivos a 50 personas [Mass events were limited to 50 people due to COVID-19]. https://www.minsalud.gov.co/Paginas/Por-COVID-19-se-limitan-eventos-masivos-a-50-personas.aspx

Colombia, Ministerio de Salud y de la Protección Social. (2020e). Lineamientos, Orientaciones y Protocolos para enfrentar la COVID-19 en Colombia [Guidelines, orientations, and protocols to face COVID-19 in Colombia]. https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/lineamientos-orientaciones-protocolos-covid19-compressed.pdf

Drury, J., Carter, H., Ntontis, E., & Tekin-Guven, S. (2020). Public behaviour in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: understanding the role of group processes. British Journal of Psychology Open, 7(1), e11. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2020.139

Dong, M., Spadaro, G., Yuan, S., Song, Y., Ye, Z., & Ren, X. (2020). Self-Interest bias in the covid-19 pandemic: own self-serving behaviours are judged more leniently than others’ in the US but not China. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/OSF.IO/UNJV6

Edelman Foundation. (2021). Edelman trust barometer 2021: Colombia. https://www.edelman.lat/estudios/edelman-trust-barometer-2021-colombia

Everett, J. A., Colombatto, C., Chituc, V., Brady, W. J., & Crockett, M. (2020). The effectiveness of moral messages on public health behavioural intentions during the covid-19 pandemic. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/OSF.IO/9YQS8

Falco, P., & Zaccagni, S. (2020). Promoting social distancing in a pandemic: Beyond the good intentions. Plos One. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260457

Fikriana, R., Afik, A., & Marinda, M. (2021). The behaviour of using masks during the coronavirus disease 19 pandemic in Malang Regency, Indonesia: Application of theory of planned behaviour and social support. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 9(B), 1006-1010. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6761

Fischer, R., & Karl, J. (2020). Predicting behavioural intentions to prevent or mitigate COVID-19: a meta-analysis. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/OSF.IO/EK69G

Gantiva, C., Jiménez-Leal, W., & Urriago-Rayo, J. (2021). Framing messages to deal with the COVID-19 crisis: the role of loss/gain frames and content. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, Article 568212. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.568212

Gerhold, L. (2020). COVID-19: risk perception and coping strategies. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/xmpk4

Graso, M., Chen, F., & Reynolds, T. (2021). Moralization of COVID-19 health response: Asymmetry in tolerance for human costs. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 93, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.104084

Harvard Medical School. (February 18, 2021). Preventing the spread of the coronavirus. Harvard Health Publishing. https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/preventing-the-spread-of-the-coronavirus

Hume, S., John, P., Sanders, M., & Stockdale, E. (2020). Nudge in the time of coronavirus: compliance to behavioural messages during crisis. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3644165

Irigoyen-Camacho M. E., Velazquez-Alva M. C., Zepeda-Zepeda M. A., Cabrer-Rosales M. F., Lazarevich I., & Castaño-Seiquer A. (2020). Effect of income level and perception of susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 on stay-at-home preventive behaviour in a group of older adults in Mexico City. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(20), Article 7418. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207418

Jiménez, T., Restar, A., Helm, P. J., Cross, R. I., Barath, D., & Arndt, J. (2020). Fatalism in the context of COVID-19: Perceiving coronavirus as a death sentence predicts reluctance to perform recommended preventive behaviours. SSM Population Health, 11, Article 100615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100615

Jordan, A., Taylor Piotrowski, J., Bleakley, A., & Mallya, G. (2012). Developing media interventions to reduce household sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 640(1), 118-135. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716211425656

Keller, S. N., & Brown, J. D. (2002). Media interventions to promote responsible sexual behaviour. The Journal of Sex Research, 39(1), 67-72. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490209552123

Krpan, D., & Dolan, P. (2021). You must stay at home! The impact of commands on behaviors during covid-19. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 13(1), 333-346. https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506211005582

Koich-Miguel, F.K., Magarotto-Machado, G., Pianowski, G., & de Francisco Carvalho, L. (2021). Compliance with containment measures to the COVID-19 pandemic over time: do antisocial traits matter? Personality and Individual Differences, 168, Article 110346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110346

La Ferrara, E., Chong, A., & Duryea, S. (2012). Soap operas and fertility: Evidence from Brazil. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 4(4), 1-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.4.4.1

Lekamwasam, R., & Lekamwasam, S. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on health and wellbeing of older people: a comprehensive review. Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research, 24(3), 166-172. https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.20.0027

Mao, Y., Chen, H., Wang, Y., et al. (2021). How can the uptake of preventive behaviour during the COVID-19 outbreak be improved? An online survey of 4827 Chinese residents. British Medical Journal Open, 11(2), Article e042954. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042954

McDermott, M., Oliver, M., Simnadis, T., Beck, E., Coltman, T., Iverson, D., Caputi, P., & Sharma, R. (2015). The theory of planned behaviour and dietary patterns: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Preventive Medicine, 81, 150-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.08.020

Min, C., Shen, F., Yu, W., & Chu, Y. (2020). The relationship between government trust and preventive behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: Exploring the roles of knowledge and negative emotion. Preventive Medicine, 141, Article 106288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106288

Padilla-Bautista, J. A., & Galindo-Aldana, G. M. (2022). Identifying factors that predict behavioral intention to stay under lockdown during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic using a structural equation model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(5), Article 2757. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052757

Paluck, E. L. (2009). Reducing intergroup prejudice and conflict using the media: A field experiment in Rwanda. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(3), 574-5 87. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0011989

Pfattheicher, S., Nockur, L., Böhm, R., Sassenrath, C., & Petersen, M.B. (2020). The emotional path to action: Empathy promotes physical distancing and wearing of face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological Science, 31(11), 1363-1373. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620964422

Ragonnet-Cronin, M., Boyd, O., Geidelberg, L., Jorgensen, D., Nascimento, F. F., Siveroni, I., Johnson, R. A., Baguelin, M., Cucunubá, Z. M., Jauneikaite, E., Mishra, S., Watson, O. J., Ferguson, N., Cori, A., Donnelly, C. A., & Volz, E. (2021). Genetic evidence for the association between COVID-19 epidemic severity and timing of non-pharmaceutical interventions. Nature Communications, 12, Article 2188. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22366-y

Rich, A., Brandes, K., Mullan, B., & Hagger, M. (2015). Theory of planned behavior and adherence in chronic illness: A meta-analysis. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 38, 673-688. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-015-9644-3

Sanabria-Mazo, J. P., Useche-Aldana, B. U., Ochoa, P. P., Rojas-Gualdrón, D. F., Mateo-Canedo, C., Carmona-Cervelló, M., Crespo-Puig, N., Selva-Olid, C., Muro, A., Méndez-Ulrich, J. L., Feliu-Soler, A., Luciano, J. V., & Sanz, A. (2021). Social inequities in the impact of covid-19 lockdown measures on the mental health of a large sample of the colombian population (PSY-COVID study). OSF Preprints. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/bt9p2

Schultz, P. W., Nolan, J. M., Cialdini, R. B., Goldstein, N. J., & Griskevicius, V. (2007). The constructive, destructive, and reconstructive power of social norms. Psychological Science, 18(5), 429-434. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01917.x

Sieverding, M., Zintel, S., Schmidt, L., Arbogast, A. N., & Wagner, C. (2022). Explaining the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19: General attitudes towards vaccination and predictors from health behavior theories. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 28(1), 161-170. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2022.2058031

Trifiletti, E., Shamloo, S. E., Faccini, M., & Zaka, A. (2021). Psychological predictors of protective behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic: theory of planned behaviour and risk perception. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 32(3), 382-397. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2509

Universidad de los Andes. (2020a). COVID-19: Del simulacro de aislamiento en Bogotá a la cuarentena nacional [From the isolation drill in Bogotá to the national quarantine]. https://uniandes.edu.co/es/noticias/salud-y-medicina/covid19-del-simulacro-de-aislamiento-en-bogota-a-la-cuarentena-nacional

Universidad de los Andes. (2020b). El patrón socioeconómico del COVID-19 en Bogotá | Uniandes [The socio-economic pattern of COVID-19 in Bogotá | Uniandes]. https://uniandes.edu.co/es/noticias/economia-y-negocios/el-patron-socioconomico-del-covid19-en-bogota

Van Bavel, J. J., Baicker K., Boggio, P. S., Capraro, V., Cichoka, A., Cikara, M., Crockett, M. J., Crum, A. J., Douglas, K. M., Druckman, J. N., Drury, J., Dube, O., Ellemers, N., Finkel, E. J., Fowler, J. H., Gelfand, M., Han, S., Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., … Willer, R. (2020a). Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response. Nature Human Behaviour, 4, 460-471. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0884-z

Van Bavel, J.J., Cichocka, A., Capraro, V., Sjastad, H., Nezlek, J. B., Pavlovic, T., Alfano, M., Gelfand, M. J., Azevedo, F., Birtel, M. D., Cislak, A., Lockwood, P. L., Malcolm, R., Abts, K., Agadullina, E., Benzon, J. J., Nomvula, S., Bor, A., Choma, B. L., … Boggio, P. S. (2022). National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic. Nature Communications, 13, Article 517. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27668-9

Wollast, R., Schmitz, M., Bigot, A., & Luminet, O. (2021) The theory of planned behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic: a comparison of health behaviours between Belgian and French residents. PLoS ONE, 16(11), e0258320. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258320

World Health Organization. (2020). COVID-19 strategy update. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/covid-strategy-update-14april2020.pdf

Xiao, X. & Wong, R. (2020). Vaccine hesitancy and perceived behavioural control: A meta-analysis. Vaccine, 38(33), 5131-5138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.04.076

Yıldırım, M., & Güler, A. (2020) COVID-19 severity, self-efficacy, knowledge, preventive behaviours, and mental health in Turkey. Death Studies, 46(4), 979-986. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1793434

Zhang, L., Li, H., & Chen, K. (2020). Effective risk communication for public health emergency: reflection on the COVID-19 (2019-nCoV) outbreak in Wuhan, China. Healthcare, 8(1), Artcile 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8010064

Detalles del artículo