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Andrés Felipe Sánchez Medina
Introducción: los desórdenes músculo esqueléticos (DME) tienen origen multifactorial. En Colombia corresponden al principal grupo diagnóstico en procesos relacionados con la determinación de origen y pérdida de capacidad laboral. El objetivo es determinar la relación entre síntomas músculo esqueléticos y factores ocupacionales, sociodemográ cos y de carga física en trabajadores de una empresa de comercio de productos farmacéuticos en Bogotá, Colombia (2015). Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal en 235 trabajadores. Se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas, ocupacionales, carga física y las relacionadas con los síntomas músculo esqueléticos. Se utilizó el cuestionario ERGOPAR. Para el análisis de las variables se utilizó la Prueba Exacta de Fisher, el Odds Ratio (OR) con el Intervalo de Confianza (IC) del 95%. Se realizó el análisis Multivariado con Regresión Logística Binaria. Resultados: la prevalencia de síntomas por segmento relacionados con dme fue de 79,2%, siendo más prevalente en cuello, hombros y columna dorsal (48,1%). Hubo asociación entre factores sociodemográ cos y ocupacionales. Se encontró una asociación entre síntomas en cuello, hombros y/o columna dorsal, columna lumbar, rodillas y pies con factores de carga física por fuerza, postura y movimiento. Conclusión: las posturas bípedas con y sin desplazamiento, inclinaciones de tronco y cabeza, transporte manual de cargas, sexo femenino, antigüedad en el cargo y edad están asociadas conjuntamente con el riesgo para presentar DME.

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