Contenido principal del artículo

Belén del Valle Vera
Angelina Pilatti
Ricardo Marcos Pautassi



El consumo de sustancias es altamente prevalente en estudiantes universitarios de Argentina y el mundo. Diferenciar consumidores con diversos patrones de consumo de sustancias es importante para identificar aquellos más vulnerables a avanzar hacia un consumo patológico. Por ello, el objetivo fue identificar, mediante Análisis de Clases Latentes (ACL) aplicado a diferentes indicadores de consumo de alcohol, tabaco y marihuana, las clases de consumidores y observar si dichas clases diferían en la densidad de familiares con abuso de alcohol y otros indicadores de consumo. El análisis se realizó en un total de 4497 estudiantes de primer año que completaron instrumentos para medir: 1-consumo de alcohol, 2-consecuencias negativas del consumo de alcohol y 3-historia familiar de abuso de alcohol. Así se identificaron cuatro clases de consumidores: 1-ACTM: Consumo Elevado de Alcohol, Consumo de Tabaco y Marihuana; 2-CMEA: Consumo Moderado/Elevado de Alcohol, Sin Consumo de Otras Sustancias; 3-CMBA: Consumo Moderado/Bajo de Alcohol, Sin Consumo de Otras Sustancias; y 4-SC: Sin Consumo de Sustancias. Los miembros de las clases CATM y CMEA reportaron niveles de consumo de alcohol significativamente más elevados que el resto de las clases. Los integrantes de CATM presentaron consumo extremo de alcohol. Las clases SC y CATM exhibieron mayor densidad de familiares con abuso de alcohol que las otras clases. La mayor parte de los encuestados fueron clasificados en categorías de consumo de alto riesgo, caracterizadas por co-uso de sustancias o por consumo elevado de alcohol. Estos patrones de consumo se han asociado a numerosas consecuencias negativas.




Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.
del Valle Vera, B., Pilatti, A., & Pautassi, R. M. (2021). ELSA cohorte 2014: clases de consumo de alcohol, tabaco y marihuana en estudiantes universitarios argentinos. Avances En Psicología Latinoamericana , 39(2). https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.9445

Acheson, A., Vincent, A. S., Cohoon, A. J., & Lovallo, W. R. (2018). Defining the phenotype of young adults with family histories of alcohol and other substance use disorders: Studies from the family health patterns project. Addictive Behaviors, 77, 247-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. addbeh.2017.10.014

Brett, E. I., Leavens, E. L., Miller, M. B., Lombardi, N., & Leffingwell, T. R. (2016). Normative perceptions of alcohol-related consequences among college students. Addictive Behaviors, 58, 16-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.02.008

Briere, F. N., Fallu, J. S., Descheneaux, A., & Janosz, M. (2011). Predictors and consequences of simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use in adolescents. Addictive Behaviors, 36(7), 785-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.02.012

Britton, A., Ben-Shlomo, Y., Benzeval, M., Kuh, D., & Bell, S. (2015). Life-course trajectories of alcohol consumption in the United Kingdom using longitudinal data from nine cohort studies. BMC Medicine, 13(1), 1-9. https://doi. org/10.1186/s12916-015-0273-z

Brkic, S., Söderpalm, B., & Söderpalm Gordh, A. (2015). A family history of Type 1 alcoholism differentiates alcohol consumption in high cortisol responders to stress. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 130, 59-66.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2014.12.008

Caneto, F., Pautassi, R. M., & Pilatti, A. (2018). Ethanol-induced autonomic responses and risk-taking increase in young adults with a positive family history of alcohol problems. Addictive Behaviors, 76(April), 174-181. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.08.008

Chassin, L., Flora, D. B., & King, K. M. (2004). Trajectories of alcohol and drug use and dependence from adolescence to adulthood: The effects of familial alcoholism and personality. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 113(4), 483-498. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021- 843X.113.4.483

Chassin, L., Haller, M., Lee, M., Handley, E., Boun- tress, K., & Beltran, I. (2014). Familial factors influencing offspring substance use and dependence. In K. J. Sher (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders: Volume 1 (Vol. 1). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxford-hb/9780199381678.013.008

Chen, P., & Jacobson, K. C. (2013). Longitudinal relationships between college education and patterns of heavy drinking: A comparison between Caucasians and African-Americans. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53(3), 356-362. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.04.003

Cho, S. B., Llaneza, D. C., Adkins, A. E., Cooke, M., Kendler, K. S., Clark, S. L., & Dick, D. M. (2015). Patterns of substance use across the first year of college and associated risk factors. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 6, 152. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00152

Cope, L. M., Munier, E. C., Trucco, E. M., Hardee, J. E., Burmeister, M., Zucker, R. A., & Heitzeg, M. M. (2017). Effects of the serotonin transporter gene, sensitivity of response to alcohol, and parental monitoring on risk for problem alcohol use. Alcohol, 59, 7-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. alcohol.2016.12.001

Courtney, K. E., & Polich, J. (2009). Binge drinking in young adults: Data, definitions, and determinants. Psychological Bulletin, 135(1), 142-156. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014414

Cservenka, A., & Brumback, T. (2017). The burden of binge and heavy drinking on the brain: Effects on adolescent and young adult neural structure and function. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1111. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01111

Cservenka, A., & Nagel, B. J. (2012). Risky decision-making: An FMRI study of youth at high risk for alcoholism. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 36(4), 604-615. https:// doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01650.x

Dawson, D. A., Compton, W. M., & Grant, B. F. (2010). Frequency of 5+/4+ drinks as a screener for drug use and drug-use disorders*. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 71(5), 751- 760. https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2010.71.751

Dawson, D. A., Goldstein, R. B., Saha, T. D., & Grant, B. F. (2015). Changes in alcohol consumption: United States, 2001-2002 to 2012-2013. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 148, 56-61. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.12.016

Derefinko, K. J., Charnigo, R. J., Peters, J. R., Adams, Z. W., Milich, R., & Lynam, D. R. (2016). Substance use trajectories from early adolescence through the transition to college. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 77(6), 924-935. https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2016.77.924

Ehlers, C. L., Gizer, I. R., Vieten, C., Gilder, A., Stouffer, G. M., Lau, P., & Wilhelmsen, K. C. (2010). Age at regular drinking, clinical course, and heritability of alcohol dependence in the San Francisco Family Study: A gender analysis. Journal of Drug Issues, 19(2), 101-110. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1521-0391.2009.00021.x

Eiler, W. J. A., Dzemidzic, M., Soeurt, C. M., Carron, C. R., Oberlin, B. G., Considine, R. V., Harezlak, J., & Kareken, D. A. (2018). Family history of alcoholism and the human brain response to oral sucrose. NeuroImage: Clinical, 17, 1036-1046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2017.12.019

Elliott, J. C., Carey, K. B., & Bonafide, K. E. (2012). Does family history of alcohol problems influence college and university drinking or substance use? A meta-analytical review. Addiction, 107(10), 1774-1785. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1360-0443.2012.03903.x

EMCDDA. (2018). Informe europeo sobre drogas 2018: tendencias y novedades. Publications Office of the European Union.

Erol, A., & Karpyak, V. M. (2015). Sex and gender-related differences in alcohol use and its consequences: Contemporary knowledge and future research considerations. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 156, 1-13. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.08.023

ESPAD Group. (2016). ESPAD Report 2015: results from the European school survey project on alcohol and other drugs. Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2810/892603

Evans-Polce, R. J., Maggs, J. L., Staff, J., & Lanza, S. T. (2017). The age-varying association of student status with excessive alcohol use: Ages 18 to 30 Years. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 41(2), 407-413.

https:// doi.org/10.1111/acer.13294

Farmer, R. F., Kosty, D. B., Seeley, J. R., Duncan, S. C., Lynskey, M. T., Rohde, P., Klein, D. N., & Lewinsohn, P. M. (2015). Natural course of cannabis use disorders. Psychological Medicine, 45(1), 63-72. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S003329171400107X

Ferreira, J. A., Martins, J. S., Coelho, M. S., & Kahler, C. W. (2014). Validation of Brief Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire (b-yaacq): Portuguese Version. Spanish Journal of Psychology, 17, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1017/ sjp.2014.74

Finan, L. J., Simpson, E., Schulz, J., & Ohannessian, C. M. (2018). Parental problem drinking and emerging adult problem behavior: The moderating role of parental support. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 27(4), 1175-1185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0953-8

Gilreath, T. D., Astor, R. A., Estrada, J. N., Johnson, R. M., Benbenishty, R., & Unger, J. B. (2014). Substance use among adolescents in California: A latent class analysis. Substance Use & Misuse, 49(1-2), 116-123. https://doi.org/10.3 109/10826084.2013.824468

Göbel, K., Scheithauer, H., Bräker, A. B., Jonkman, H., & Soellner, R. (2016). Substance use patterns among adolescents in Europe: A latent class anal- ysis. Substance Use & Misuse, 51(9), 1130-1138. https://doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2016.1160120

Hagger-Johnson, G., Bell, S., Britton, A., Cable, N., Conner, M., O’Connor, D. B., Shickle, D., Shelton, N., & Bewick, B. M. (2013). Cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking in a representative sample of English school pupils: Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations. Preventive Medicine, 56(5), 304-308. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.02.004

Healey, C., Rahman, A., Faizal, M., & Kinder- man, P. (2014). Underage drinking in the uk: Changing trends, impact and interventions. A rapid evidence synthesis. International Journal of Drug Policy, 25(1), 124-132. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2013.07.008

Hingson, R. W. (2010). Magnitude and prevention of college drinking and related problems. Alcohol Research & Health, 33(1-2), 45-54. https://doi. org/2010-23622-005

Hingson, R. W., & White, A. (2013). Trends in extreme binge drinking among us high school seniors. JAMA Pediatrics, 167(11), 996-998. https:// doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.3083

Hua, J. P., Sher, K. J., Boness, C. L., Trela, C. J., McDowell, Y. E., Merrill, A. M., Piasecki, T. M., & Kerns, J. G. (2020). Prospective study examining the effects of extreme drinking on brain structure in emerging adults. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 44(11), 2200-2211. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14446

Jackson, K. M., Barnett, N. P., Colby, S. M., & Rogers, M. L. (2015). The prospective association between sipping alcohol by the sixth grade and later substance use. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 76(2), 212-221. https://doi. org/10.15288/jsad.2015.76.212

Johnston, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., Miech, R. A., Bach- man, J. G., & Schulenberg, J. (2017). Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975-2016: Overview, key findings on adolescent drug use. Institute for Social Research, The University of Michigan.

Kendler, K. S., Edwards, A., Myers, J., Cho, S. B., Adkins, A., & Dick, D. (2015). The predictive power of family history measures of alcohol and drug problems and internalizing disorders in a college population. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 168(5), 337-346. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.32320

Khoddam, R., Worley, M., Browne, K. C., Doran, N., & Brown, S. A. (2015). Family history density predicts long-term substance use outcomes in an adolescent treatment sample. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 147, 235-242. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.11.009

Krieger, H., Young, C. M., Anthenien, A. M., & Neighbors, C. (2018). The epidemiology of binge drinking among college-age individuals in the United States. Alcohol Research: Current Reviews, 39(1), 23-30. https://doi.org/2019- 05003-002

LaBrie, J. W., Migliuri, S., Kenney, S. R., & Lac, A. (2010). Family history of alcohol abuse associated with problematic drinking among college students. Addictive Behaviors, 35(7), 721-725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.03.009

Ledesma, R. D., Macbeth, G., & Valero-Mora, P. (2011). Software for computing the tetrachoric correlation coefficient. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 43, 181-189. https://doi. org/10.14349/rlp.v43i1.459

Meier, E. M., Tackett, A. P., Miller, M. B., Grant, D. M., & Wagener, T. L. (2015). Which nicotine products are gateways to regular use? First-tried tobacco and current use in college students.

American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 48(1), 86-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ame- pre.2014.09.018

Merrill, J. E., & Carey, K. B. (2016). Drinking over the lifespan: Focus on college ages. Alcohol Research: Current Reviews, 38(1), 103-14. https://doi.org/2016-30780-013

Moss, H. B., Chen, C. M., & Yi, H. (2014). Early adolescent patterns of alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana polysubstance use and young adult substance use outcomes in a nationally representative sample. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 136(1), 51-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. drugalcdep.2013.12.011

Mundt, M. P., Zakletskaia, L. I., & Fleming, M. F. (2009). Extreme college drinking and alcohol-related injury risk. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 33(9), 1532-1538. https:// doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.00981.x

Muthén, B. (2006). Should substance use disorders be considered as categorical or dimensional? Addiction, 101, 6-16. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1360-0443.2006.01583.x

NIAAA. (2004). NIAAA council approves the definition of binge drinking. NIAAA Newsletter, 3.

http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/Newsletter/ winter2004/Newsletter_Number3.pdf

Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2004). Gender differences in risk factors and consequences for alcohol use and problems. Clinical Psychology Review, 24(8), 981-1010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. cpr.2004.08.003

OMS. (2018). Global status report on alcohol and health 2018. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Patrick, M. E. (2016). A call for research on high-in- tensity alcohol use. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 40(2), 256-259. https://

doi.org/10.1111/acer.12945

Patrick, M. E., Schulenberg, J. E., Martz, M. E., Maggs, J. L., O’Malley, P. M., & Johnston, L. D. (2013). Extreme binge drinking among 12th-grade students in the United States: Prevalence and Predictors. JAMA pediatrics, 167(11), 1019-1025. https://doi.org/10.1001/ jamapediatrics.2013.2392

Patrick, M. E., Terry-McElrath, Y. M., & Bonar, E. E. (2021). Patterns and predictors of high-intensity drinking and implications for intervention. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. https://doi. org/10.1037/adb0000758

Patrick, M. E., Terry-McElrath, Y. M., Kloska, D. D., & Schulenberg, J. (2016). High-Intensity drinking among young adults in the United States: Prevalence, frequency, and developmental change. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 40(9), 1905- 1912. https:// doi.org/10.1111/acer.13164

Percy, A., & Iwaniec, D. (2007). The validity of a latent class typology of adolescent drinking patterns. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, 24(1), 13-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.07.005

Pilatti, A., Caneto, F., Garimaldi, J. A., Vera, B. D. V., & Pautassi, R. M. (2014). Contribution of time of drinking onset and family history of alcohol problems in alcohol and drug use behaviors in Argentinean college students. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 49(2), 128-137. https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agt176

Pilatti, A., Ensinck, G., Rivarola Montejano, G., & Pautassi, R. M. (2021). Validación de mediciones retrospectivas del consumo de alcohol medi- ante diarios de consumo. Psykhe. , 30(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.2019.22311

Pilatti, A., Read, J. P., & Caneto, F. (2016). Validation of the Spanish version of the Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire (S-YAACQ). Psychological Assessment, 28(5), e49- e61. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000140

Pilatti, A., Read, J. P., & Pautassi, R. M. (2017). ELSA 2016 cohort: Alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use and their association with age of drug use onset, risk perception, and social norms in Argentinean college freshmen. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1452. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01452

Pilatti, A., Rivarola Montejano, G., Lozano, O. M., & Pautassi, R. M. (2016). Relación entre impulsivi- dad y consumo de alcohol en hombres y mujeres argentinos. Quaderns de Psicologia, 18(1), 75- 91. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/qpsicologia.1329

Polak, M. A., & Conner, T. S. (2012). Impairments in daily functioning after heavy and extreme episodic drinking in university students. Drug and Alcohol Review, 31(6), 763-769. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.1465-3362.2012.00429.x

Read, J. P., Kahler, C. W., Strong, D. R., & Colder, C. R. (2006). Development and preliminary validation of the young adult alcohol consequences questionnaire. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 67(1), 169-177. https://doi.org/10.15288/ jsa.2006.67.169

Rehm, J. (2011). The risks associated with alcohol use and alcoholism. Alcohol Research & Health, 34(2), 135-143. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3307043/

SAMHSA. (2014). Results from the 2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Summary of national findings. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.

SAMHSA. (2015). Behavioral health trends in the United States: Results from the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.

Sartor, C. E., Lynskey, M. T., Bucholz, K. K., Madden, P. A. F., Martin, N. G., & Heath, A. C. (2009). Timing of first alcohol use and alcohol dependence: Evidence of common genetic influences. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 104(9), 1512-1518. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1360-0443.2009.02648.x

Schulenberg, J. E., Johnston, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G., Miech, R. A., & Patrick, M. E. (2019). Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975–2018: Volume II, College students and adults ages 19–60. Ann Arbor, Institute for Social Research, The University of Michigan. http://monitoringthe- future.org/pubs.html#monographs

Sedronar. (2017). Estudio nacional en población de 12 a 65 años sobre consumo de sustancias psicoactivas: Magnitud del consumo de sustancias a nivel nacional. Secretaría de Políticas Integrales sobre Drogas de la Nación Argentina. https://onaf.uda. edu.ar/estudio-nacional-de-Sedronar-sobre-con- sumo-de-sustancias-psicoactivas-con-resulta- dos-desagregados-para-mendoza/

Skidmore, C. R., Kaufman, E. A., & Crowell, S. E. (2016). Substance use among college students. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 25(4), 735-753. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.chc.2016.06.004

Söderpalm Gordh, A. H. V., Brkic, S., & Söder- palm, B. (2011). Stress and consumption of alcohol in humans with a type 1 family history of alcoholism in an experimental laboratory setting. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 99(4), 696-703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. pbb.2011.05.028

Suerken, C. K., Reboussin, B. A., Sutfin, E. L., Wagoner, K. G., Spangler, J., & Wolfson, M. (2014). Prevalence of marijuana use at college entry and risk factors for initiation during freshman year. Addictive Behaviors, 39(1), 302-307.

https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.10.018

Tavolacci, M. P., Ladner, J., Grigioni, S., Richard, L., Villet, H., & Dechelotte, P. (2013). Prevalence and association of perceived stress, substance use, and behavioral addictions: A cross-sectional study among university students in France, 2009–2011. BMC Public Health, 13(1), 724. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-724

Uebersax, J. (1994). Latent class analysis of substance use patterns. In L.M. Collins & L.A. Seitz (Eds.), Advances in Data Analysis for Prevention Intervention Research (NIDA Research Monograph) (pp. 64-80). National Institute on Drug Abuse.

UNODC. (2016). Informe Mundial Sobre las Drogas 2016. Oficina de las Naciones Unidas contra la Droga y el Delito.

Van Damme, J., Hublet, A., De Clercq, B., McAlaney, J., Van Hal, G., Rosiers, J., Maes, L., & Clays, E. (2016). Context matters: Student-perceived binge drinking norms at faculty-level relate to binge drinking behavior in higher education. Addictive Behaviors, 59, 89-94. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.011

Velázquez, C. E., Pasch, K. E., Laska, M. N., Lust, K., Story, M., & Ehlinger, E. P. (2011). Differential prevalence of alcohol use among 2-year and 4-year college students. Addictive Behaviors, 36(12), 1353-1356.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.07.037

White, A. M., Kraus, C. L., & Swartzwelder, H. S. (2006). Many college freshmen drink at levels far beyond the binge threshold. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 30(6), 1006-1010. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530- 0277.2006.00122.x

White, A., & Hingson, R. W. (2013). The burden of alcohol use: Excessive alcohol consumption and related consequences among college students. Alcohol Research: Current Reviews, 35(2), 201- 218. https://doi.org/10.1037/t69599-000

Detalles del artículo