Expectativas de futuro de los adolescentes que salen del cuidado institucional por edad en Brasil

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.9407

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Publicado: nov. 25, 2022
Número: Vol. 40 Núm. 3 (2022): Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana
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Palabras clave: acogimiento residencial Adolescentes transición a la vida adulta expectativas futuras Apoyo social percibido

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Autores/as

  Luciana Cassarino-Perez
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil), Universitat de Girona (España)
  Carme Montserrat
Universitat de Girona (España)
  Jorge Castellà Sarriera
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil)

Resumen

Las expectativas futuras de los adolescentes que dejan los centros de acogida con 18 años tienen una influencia determinante en los resultados que alcanzarán a corto y largo plazo. En Brasil, la mayoría de jóvenes que salen de los centros de acogida con 18 años transitan a la edad adulta sin ningún tipo de apoyo. Por ello, en este artículo apuntamos a investigar los aspectos que favorecen mejores expectativas de futuro en adolescentes brasileños que están a punto de salir de los centros de acogida por haber llegado a la mayoría de edad. Los participantes del estudio fueron 190 adolescentes de ambos sexos (44.2 % niñas y 55.8 % niños), entre 14 y 18 años (M = 15.92, DE = 1.00), de tres ciudades capitales brasileñas. Se utilizó la técnica de análisis discriminante para identificar características de perfil que distinguieron significativamente dos grupos: adolescentes con altas expectativas y adolescentes con bajas expectativas de futuro. Los resultados revelan que (1) el aspecto que más contribuye al aumento de dichas expectativas es el apoyo social percibido, (2) cuanto mayor sea la percepción de preparación para dejar el centro de acogida y la satisfacción con la vida, mejores serán las expectativas, y (3) participar en un programa nacional de inserción laboral disminuye las expectativas de futuro. Los resultados demuestran la importancia de preparar a estos jóvenes para la transición a la edad adulta, al combinar el apoyo instrumental con el socioemocional, y considerando a los adolescentes protagonistas de sus procesos y planes futuros.

Cómo citar
Cassarino-Perez, L., Montserrat, C., & Castellà Sarriera, J. (2022). Expectativas de futuro de los adolescentes que salen del cuidado institucional por edad en Brasil. Avances En Psicología Latinoamericana , 40(3), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.9407
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