La ideología y la autorización implícita de la violencia como política: la violencia sexual relacionada con el conflicto por parte del ejército de Myanmar contra los rohinyás

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/sociojuridicos/a.14466

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Publicado: jun. 5, 2024
Número: Vol. 26 Núm. 2 (2024): ¿Propiedad de la Nación? Baldíos, territorios y propiedad en Colombia
Sección Autor extranjero invitado


Palabras clave: violencia sexual conflicto Myanmar rohinyás limpieza étnica

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Autores/as

Mayesha Alam
Universidad de Yale
Elisabeth Jean Wood
Universidad de Yale

Resumen

A partir del trabajo de campo original y de otras fuentes primarias y secundarias, evaluamos si la violencia sexual generalizada durante las operaciones militares de Myanmar en 2017 contra las comunidades rohinyás fue una política (ordenada o autorizada por los comandantes) o una práctica (impulsada desde abajo y tolerada por los comandantes). Argumentamos que la violencia sexual fue autorizada como una política basados en (1) la prolongada exclusión ideológica de  los rohinyás del estatus de ciudadanos, así como el historial de ingeniería demográfica para limitar su reproducción, (2) el contexto de limpieza étnica y el control efectivo que ejercían los comandantes sobre las tropas, (3) la evidencia de que los militares ejecutan un patrón de violencia sexual contra los rohinyás diferente al usado contra otras minorías étnicas, incluyendo ataques contra su capacidad reproductiva,  y (4) un largo y continuo historial de impunidad de la violencia sexual relacionada con el conflicto, incluyendo en contra de los rohinyás. Nuestro análisis contribuye a la comprensión académica de las condiciones bajo las cuales la violencia sexual es autorizada como política y aquellas bajo las cuales la ideología prescribe o legitima patrones específicos de violencia, incluida la limpieza étnica. También es oportuno para apoyar los esfuerzos por enjuiciar y prevenir la violencia sexual relacionada con los conflictos.

Cómo citar
Alam, M., & Wood, E. J. (2024). La ideología y la autorización implícita de la violencia como política: la violencia sexual relacionada con el conflicto por parte del ejército de Myanmar contra los rohinyás. Estudios Socio-Jurídicos, 26(2). https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/sociojuridicos/a.14466
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