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Xabier Agirre Aranburu
El éxito de las investigaciones de crímenes internacionales (genocidio, crímenes de guerra y crímenes de lesa humanidad) depende en gran parte de poder establecer el patrón delictivo. El patrón delictivo es el conjunto de características que tienen en común varios incidentes con relación a las víctimas, los perpetradores y el modus operandi. Las pruebas y los análisis con base en patrones han sido utilizados con éxito principalmente en las investigaciones de masacres, destrucciones y desplazamiento, pero su utilización en imputaciones de violencia sexual ha sido notoriamente más limitada. Es necesario cubrir este vacío por medio del establecimiento de métodos apropiados de recolección y análisis de datos. A nivel de la recolección de pruebas, la carencia de denuncias presentadas por las víctimas se debe suplir por medio de encuestas a las víctimas o por medio del análisisde la información secundaria disponible en diferentes fuentes. A nivel de análisis, la evidencia disponible debe ser evaluada de manera imparcial, independientemente de las ideas preconcebidas de las partes en conflicto y de los grupos de defensa de derechos, cumpliendo con los estándares y métodos científicos para el análisis cuantitativo, cualitativo y de sistemas de información geográfica (GIS). Un análisis de varias experiencias investigativas y de la jurisprudencia permitirá establecer la metodología más apropiada y será la manera más eficiente de ayudar a poner fin a la impunidad relacionada con los crímenes sexuales.

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Agirre Aranburu, X. (2011). La violencia sexual más allá de toda duda razonable: el uso de prueba y análisis de patrones en casos internacionales. Estudios Socio-Jurídicos, 13(2), 11-42. Recuperado a partir de https://revistas.urosario.edu.co/index.php/sociojuridicos/article/view/1759

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