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Evidência empírica recente sugere que as crenças essencialistas sobre os grupos sociais costumam estar relacionadas com atitudes de prejuízo e discriminação aos mesmos. Esta relação és moderada por aspectos como o status do preceptor social relativo ao grupo avaliado, e pelas crenças sobre a estabilidade do sistema social. Esta pesquisa se propôs avaliar em primeiro lugar, a estrutura das crenças sobre a orientação sexual. Em segundo lugar, a relação entre a crença na estabilidade do sistema e o uso de argumentos essencialistas em um grupo normativo (heterossexuais) e um grupo não normativo (homossexuais) uma amostra de comunidade colombiana. Para consegui-lo criamos um desenho multifatorial de 3 (manipulação experimental: percepção de mudança iminente, percepção de estabilidade e grupo controle) x 2 (orientação sexual: homossexual vs. heterossexual), introduzindo essencialismo como variável dependente. Os resultados sugerem que as crenças sobre a orientação sexual se agrupam em torno de duas dimensões essencialistas aqui denominadas imutabilidade e fundamentalidade. Adicionalmente, sugerem que as crenças essencialistas na imutabilidade predizem atitudes mais favoráveis às pessoas homossexuais, que as crenças essencialistas na fundamentalidade da orientação sexual. As implicações destes achados são discutidas.

Luisa Ramírez, Universidad del Rosario

Psicología, Universidad de los Andes
Maestría, Ciecia Política, Universidad de los Andes
Maestría y Ph.D., Psicologia Social y de la Salud, State University of New York, Stony Brook

 

 

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