Contenido principal del artículo

Maria Fernanda Lara Bernal
Janeth Hernández-Jaramillo
Oliver Müller
Ximena Palacios Espinosa

Introducción: el funcionamiento comunicativo y social en la vejez implica recursos cognitivos y emocionales. Según la teoría de la selectividad socioemocional (tss), los adultos mayores tienen afinidad por eventos positivos y cultivan sus habilidades emocionales. Objetivo: explorar la relación entre el funcionamiento comunicativo y social y el procesamiento de estímulos emocionales en el adulto mayor. Materiales y métodos: adultos mayores y adultos jóvenes realizaron una tarea computarizada de decisión léxica (tdl) y fueron evaluados en su funcionamiento comunicativo. Resultados: hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el factor de valencia, con un procesamiento más rápido de estímulos con contenido emocional versus no emocional (2196 = 36.39; p < 0.001). En cuanto al funcionamiento comunicativo y social, al compararlo con el desempeño en la tdl, se evidenció que los adultos mayores obtuvieron tiempos de reacción más prolongados y mayores tasas de error en el procesamiento de estímulos, al igual que menores puntajes en el asha-facs. Conclusión: aun cuando no se evidencia una interacción entre el procesamiento de estímulos emocionales y el funcionamiento comunicativo y social, la valencia emocional influye en el procesamiento de palabras en los adultos mayores, con una preferencia y selectividad por los estímulos positivos.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.
Lara Bernal, M. F., Hernández-Jaramillo, J., Müller, O., & Palacios Espinosa, X. . (2023). Efecto del procesamiento emocional de palabras en el funcionamiento comunicativo y social en el adulto mayor . Revista Ciencias De La Salud, 21(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/revsalud/a.10693

Organización Mundial de la Salud. Envejecimiento y salud [Aging and health]. [Internet]. Ginebra: oms; 2018 [Cited 2018 Oct 16]. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs404/es/

Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística. Demografía y población [Demographics and population]. [Internet] Bogotá: dane; 2020 [Cited 2020 Jun 24]. Available at: https://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/estadisticas-por-tema/demografia-y-poblacion

Dulcey-Ruíz E. Psicología del envejecimiento [Psychology of aging]. In: López J, Cano C, Gómez J, editors. Geriatría fundamentos de medicina. Medellín: Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas; 2006. p. 64-8.

Felipe Salech M, Rafael Jara L, Luis Michea A. Cambios fisiológicos asociados al envejecimiento [Physiological changes associated with aging]. Rev Med Clin Condes. 2012;23(1):19-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0716-8640(12)70269-9

Majaad A, Bigdeli I, Najafi M, Rashn S. Direct and indirect impact of effects on anxiety and depression in elderly: the mediating role of difficulty in emotion regulation. J Clin Psychol. 2016;8(2):89-98. https://doi.org/10.22075/JCP.2017.2239

Finkenzeller T, Pötzelsberger B, Kösters A, Würth S, Amesberger G, Dela F et al. Aging in high functioning elderly persons: study design and analyses of behavioral and psychological factors. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2019;29(Suppl 1):7-16. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13368

López‐Cerdá E, Carmona-Torres JM, Rodríguez-Borrego MA, Carmona‐Torres JM y Rodríguez‐Borrego M. Social support for elderly people over 65 years in Spain. Int Nurs Rev. 2019;66(1):104-11. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12468

Kastenschmidt EK, Kennedy GJ. Depression and anxiety in late life: diagnostic insights and therapeutic options. Mt Sinai J Med. 2011;78(4):527-45. https://doi.org/10.1002/msj.20266

Vieira ER, Brown E, Raue P. Depression in older adults: screening and referral. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2014;37(1):24-30. https://doi.org/10.1519/JPT.0b013e31828df26f

Cortés-Pascual P, Aierbe-Barandiarán M-SC. A. Un estudio sobre las historias de vida de los sujetos mayores [A study on life stories of elderly people]. Interv Psicosoc. 2005;14(1):5-20.

Masalán Apip P, González Rodríguez R. Autocuidado en el ciclo vital [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2019 Oct 26]. Available at: https://www7.uc.cl/sw_educ/enferm/ciclo/index.htm

Nussbaum M. Capabilities as fundamental entitlements: Sen and social justice. FEM Econ. 2003;9(2-3):33-59. https://doi.org/10.1080/1354570022000077926

Álvarez C, Hernández-Jaramillo J. El procesamiento de palabras con contenido emocional en personas [The processing of words with emotional content in people]. RLA. 2012;50(2):63-88. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48832012000200004

Martín-Loeches M, Fernández A, Schacht A, Sommer W, Casado P, Jiménez-Ortega L et al. The influence of emotional words on sentence processing: electrophysiological and behavioral evidence. Neuropsychologia. 2012;50(14):3262-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.09.010

Kunzmann U, Kappes C, Wrosch C. Emotional aging: a discrete emotions perspective. Front Psychol. 2014;5(1):380. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00380

Kunzmann U, Isaacowitz D. Emotional aging: taking the immediate context seriously. Res Hum Dev. 2017;14(3):182-99. https://doi.org/10.1080/15427609.2017.1340048

Fernández-Aguilar L, Ricarte J, Ros L, Latorre JM. Emotional differences in young and older adults: films as mood induction procedure. Front Psychol. 2018;9:1110. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01110

Fingerman L, Berg C, Smith J, Antonucci T. Handbook of life-span development. New York: Springer Publishing Company; 2011.

Scheibe S, Carstensen LL. Emotional aging: recent findings and future trends. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2010;65B(2):135-44. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbp132

García-Rodríguez B, Fusari A, Ellgring H. Procesamiento emocional de las expresiones faciales en el envejecimiento normal y patológico [Emotional processing of facial expressions in normal and pathological aging]. Rev Neurol. 2008;46(10):609- 17.

Rodríguez-Ferreiro J, Davies R. The graded effect of valence on word recognition in Spanish. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2019;45(5):851-68. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000616

Fratalli C. Functional assessment. In: Lubisnky R, Fratalli C, editors. Professional issues in speech-language pathology and Professional issues in speech-language pathology and audiology. 2nd ed. San Diego: Singular Publisher Group; 2000.

Nasreddine Z, Phillips N, Bédirian V, Charbonneau S, Whitehead V, Collin I. et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): A brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. J Am Geria Soci. 2005;53(4):695-9.

Allen N, Ames D, Ashby D, Bennetts K, Tuckwell V, West C. A brief sensitive screening instrument for depression in late life. Age Ageing. 1994;23(3):213-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/23.3.213

Mathiowetz V, Volland G, Kashman N, Weber K. Adult norms for the Box and Block Test of manual dexterity. Am J Occup Ther. 1985;39(6):386-91. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.39.6.386

Schmidtke DS, Schröder T, Jacobs AM, Conrad M. ANGST: affective norms for German sentiment terms, derived from the affective norms for English words. Behav Res Methods. 2014;46(4):1108-18. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-013-0426-y

Silagi ML, Peres AR, Schochat E, Mansur LL. Communication map of elderly people sociodemographic and cognitive-linguistic aspects. Dement Neuropsychol. 2013;7(4):380-6. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-57642013DN74000005

Muò R, Cancialosi P, Galimberti L, Carrubba Cacciola B, Gilardone M, Schindler A.

Validation of the Italian version of the American Speech Language and Hearing Association—functional Assessment of Communication Skills for adults (I-ASHA-FACS). Aphasiology. 2015;29(9):1110-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/02687038.2015.1010475

Cedrus Corporation. SuperLab 5. United States: Cedrus Corporation; 2008.

Imbir KK, Spustek T, Żygierewicz J. Effects of valence and origin of emotions in word processing evidenced by event related potential correlates in a lexical decision task. Front Psychol. 2016;7:271. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00271

Yap MJ, Seow CS. The influence of emotion on lexical processing: insights from RT

distributional analysis. Psychon Bull Rev. 2014;21(2):526-33. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-013-0525-x

Recio G, Conrad M, Hansen LB, Jacobs AM. On pleasure and thrill: the interplay between arousal and valence during visual word recognition. Brain Lang. 014;134:34-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandl.2014.03.009

Lynchard NA, Radvansky GA. Age-related perspectives and emotion processing. Psychol Aging. 2012;27(4):934-9. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027368

Muò R, Rinaudo M, Rabino G, Massari E, Schindler A, Steni P et al. Validation of the Italian version of the Kagan scales for people with aphasia and their conversation partners. Aphasiology. 2019;33(3):352-71. https://doi.org/10.1080/02687038.2018.1482402

de Carvalho IA, Mansur LL. Validation of ASHA FACS-functional assessment of communication skills for Alzheimer disease population. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2008;22(4):375-81. https://doi.org/10.1097/wad.0b013e31818809b2

Silagi ML, Peres AR, Schochat E, Mansur LL. Communication map of elderly people sociodemographic and cognitive-linguistic aspects. Dement Neuropsychol. 2013;7(4):380-6. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-57642013DN74000005

Meléndez J, Agusti A, Satorres E. ¿Existe un Sesgo de Sobregeneralización y un Efecto de Positividad Relacionado con la Edad? [Is there an Overgeneralization Bias and an Age-Related Positivity Effect?] Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación Psicológica. 2020;2(55):151-60.

Scheibe S, Carstensen LL. Emotional aging: recent findings and future trends. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2010;65B(2):135-44. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbp132

Zimmermann P, Iwanski A. Emotion regulation from early adolescence to emerging adulthood and middle adulthood: age differences, gender differences, and emotion-specific developmental variations. Int J Behav Dev. 2014;38(2):182-94. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025413515405

LaMonica HM, Keefe RS, Harvey PD, Gold JM, Goldberg TE. Differential effects of emotional information on interference task performance across the life span. Front Aging Neurosci. 2010;2. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2010.00141

Carstensen LL, Fung HH, Charles ST. Socioemotional selectivity theory and the regulation of emotion in the second half of life. Motiv Emot. 2003;27(2):103-23. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024569803230

Brady B, Kneebone II, Denson N, Bailey PE. Systematic review and meta-analysis of age-related differences in instructed emotion regulation success. PeerJ. 2018;6:e6051. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6051

Gross JJ. The emerging field of emotion regulation: an integrative review. Rev Gen Psychol. 1998;2(3):271-99. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.271

Gross JJ, Sheppes G, Urry HL. Taking one’s lumps while DOIng the splits: a big tent perspective on emotion generation and emotion regulation. Cogn Emot. 2011; 25(5):789-93. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2011.586590

Burgoon JK, Floyd K, Guerrero L. Nonverbal communication theories of interaction adaptation. In: The handbook of communication science. New York: Sage; 2010. p. 93-108. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412982818.n6

Kissler J. Affective neurolinguistics: a new field to grow at the intersection of emotion and language? – commentary on Hinojosa et al., 2019 Lang Cogn Neurosci. 2020;35(7):850-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2019.1694159

Hinojosa JA, Moreno EM, Ferré P. Affective neurolinguistics: towards a framework for reconciling language and emotion. Lang Cogn Neurosci. 2020;35(7):813-39. https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2019.1620957

Palazova M. Where are emotions in words? Functional localization of valence effects in visual word recognition. Front Psychol. 2014;5:1105. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01105

Blonder LX. The neurology of emotional expression [internet]; 2013. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

van Berkum J. Language comprehension, emotion, and sociality: aren’t we missing something? In: Rueschemeyer S, Gaskell G, editors. The Oxford handbook of psycholinguistics. Oxford; 2018. p. 644-69.

Detalles del artículo