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Introducción: el cáncer de páncreas representa un grave problema de salud, pues es la séptima causa de mortalidad en el mundo y su incidencia muestra una clara tendencia al aumento; por esto, es fundamental identificar factores de riesgo predictivos, como la relación propuesta entre los inhibidores de la bomba de protones y el desarrollo de cáncer pancreático, a fin de implementar estrategias rentables de prevención y detección temprana. Objetivo: determinar la asociación entre el uso de inhibidores de la bomba de protones y el desarrollo de cáncer pancreático a partir de estudios observacionales analíticos. Materiales y métodos: revisión sistemática de la literatura científica, bajo los criterios de la declaración prisma. Se buscó en las bases de datos Pudmed, Science Direct y Scopus. Resultados: se obtuvieron 954 artículos, tras aplicar criterios de inclusión y exclusión. En la revisión se incluyeron un total de 7 estudios, de los cuales se valoró el riesgo de sesgo bajo la escala Newcastle-Ottawa; la relación causal, a través de los criterios de Bradford Hill, y se analizó temporalidad, dosificación y categorización, siendo la causalidad inversa, una inexistente gradiente biológica y de temporalidad, resultados heterogéneos, causalidad y tamaño de efecto débiles, características cuestionables presentes en los estudios valorados. Conclusión: no existe un respaldo sólido bajo la revisión de la evidencia entre posibles efectos carcinogénicos y páncreas a causa del uso de inhibidores de la bomba de protones. Es imperante desarrollar ensayos controlados aleatorizados para dilucidar resultados.

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