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Introducción: La ventosa terapia se ha utilizado con fines terapéuticos indicada para la reducción del dolor. Sin embargo, su efecto aún no es totalmente claro en comparación con el placebo u otro tratamiento. El objetivo fue determinar la efectividad de las ventosas en personas adultas mediante la revisión sistemática de la literatura disponible sobre su aplicación en la intensidad del dolor lumbar inespecífico. Materiales y método: Revisión sistemática de la literatura utilizando las bases de datos: PubMed, Web of Science, PEDro, ScienceDirect y Cochrane, y una búsqueda manual. Criterios de selección: Ensayos clínicos aleatorios que comparan las ventosas con otro tipo de intervención o grupo control en personas mayores de edad con dolor lumbar inespecífico. Recolección de datos y análisis: Realizada por 2 revisores independientes, la calidad metodológica se realizó por escala de PEDro y la evaluación del riesgo de sesgo se aplicó según el Manual Cochrane versión 5.1.0. Resultados: Se incluyeron 5 estudios de 303 potenciales. Las ventosas para el dolor no difirieron significativamente en comparación con las ventosas simuladas, no obstante; al compararlas con el placebo, tratamiento convencional o compresas calientes, todas son intervenciones efectivas, pero no superiores a las ventosas. Conclusiones: La mediana calidad metodológica y el riesgo de sesgo de los estudios reducen la autenticidad de los hallazgos, por lo tanto, no se puede afirmar que el uso de las ventosas sea una intervención que genere cambios en el dolor lumbar inespecífico, se necesita aumentar la calidad de las intervenciones y establecer protocolos de aplicación estandarizados.

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