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City competitiveness could be understood as the capacity to generate such a physical, technological, social, environmental and institutional context able enough to attract and develop economic activities generating richness and employment. Based on Porter´s theoretical framework, supporting that cities are in competition and considering Madrid 2012 nomination to the Olimpic Games as case study, ecology is presented as a tool of city marketing.
Sanguino Galván, R., Sánchez Hernández, M. I., & Barriuso Iglesias, M. C. (2008). Consideraciones ecológicas en el marketing de ciudades: análisis del caso Madrid 2012 ciudad olímpica. Revista Universidad Y Empresa, 10(14), 155–162. Retrieved from https://revistas.urosario.edu.co/index.php/empresa/article/view/1050

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