Towards a new theory of responsibility

The late Roman law found five sources of the obligations (contracts or acts, "quasi-contracts", delicts o crimes, "quasi-delicts" and the law) that explains, at least, the reason of de necessity to act (or not to act) to provide to another an advantage of its interest  defended by the juridical  system. But that solid dogma that gave the  impression of being the culmination of the scientific analysis, didn't resist the debate,  neither  responses  to the cultural  and social developments, and for this reason all modern specialist of the law is necessarily unhappy  with  those ideas.

The author  tries  to  find  the  essential  juridical  structure,  common  to the origin of those obligations that don't arise from contracts or direct order  of  law, to  identify,  if  it is possible,  an  unique  juridical  regime that  unifies  the. figures  that  today  are denominated  "liability".  His propose  is to  change the  focus  of  attention  of  the  problem,  leaving aside  the  behavior  as  an  essential  element  of  the  responsibility,  to see mainly the damage or the affectation of the interest of the person, and  generalize  the  topic,  basing  .it  in  the  most  elementary  and unquestionable  axiom  in  the  social  organization:  If the  society  is a formula to protect  the people  and does  it promote  its well-being,  all damage are out of law and should  it to be compensate  o reimbursed for the  probable  damage's agent -the  responsible  subject –

The damages can be consequences of personal actions, but also by material or immaterial elements that integrate the "individual's  juridical environment", that is to say their orbit of interest (their patrimony, people under their custody and their social impositions), so we can present the concept of a prejudicial interference among these orbits of interest and immediately the elements of the theory flow: When there are a damage in some element that compound the interest's orbit of a person, for the interference with an  element of another orbit of interest, it will be indemnity, unless it  damage was lawfull. The legality of damage is given by the law, the subject that was  affected,  or simple  accident  or hazard.