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João Pedro Baptista
Anabela Gradim
Marlene Loureiro
Fábio Ribeiro

El fact-checking es una práctica periodística muy reciente en Portugal. Ningún estudio hasta ahora ha buscado comprender la actitud del público hacia este nuevo fenómeno. Este estudio exploratorio, instrumentado mediante cuestionario online (N = 618), tuvo como objetivo investigar la actitud y la percepción de los portugueses en relación con el fact-checking, analizando el efecto de las prácticas de consumo de información, los aspectos sociodemográficos y la orientación política de los individuos. Nuestros resultados muestran que la mayoría está a favor del fact-checking y conoce la práctica. Sin embargo, los niveles de familiaridad son bajos y por debajo de las expectativas, ya que el 40 % de los encuestados no conocen este género periodístico. Además, encontramos un importante escepticismo por parte de los participantes con respecto a la ética de los verificadores. Corroborando otros estudios, los jóvenes y los más educados son más favorables y están más familiarizados con el fact-checking. A diferencia de otros estudios, nuestros resultados no muestran ningún efecto de la orientación política e ideológica sobre los niveles de aceptación y familiaridad. Este estudio plantea varios desafíos relevantes, demostrando que las personas pueden no estar tan familiarizadas con el fact-checking como cabría esperar y que existe una gran desconfianza en la precisión e imparcialidad de los fact-checkers, lo que puede ser un obstáculo para la corrección de desinformación.

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