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Anny Caroline Caroline Gomes Nolasco
Bianca da Nóbrega Rogoski
Carlos Barbosa Alves de Souza
Eileen Pfeiffer Flores

Hay poco consenso sobre lo que constituye un buen recuento de una historia y cómo evaluar esta importante habilidad lingüística. El presente estudio revisó artículos publicados entre 2010 y 2018 que evaluaron narrativas orales de historias contadas por niños para mapear y sistematizar las medidas cualitativas y cuantitativas empleadas. Inicialmente, los estudios analizados se clasificaron de acuerdo con el uso de una de cuatro metodologías amplias: evaluaciones estandarizadas, gramática narrativa, unidades-C y protocolos de puntuación narrativa. Sin embargo, un examen más detallado mostró que esta clasificación general ocultaba el hecho de que las medidas específicas podrían no ser equivalentes entre los estudios. Para mejorar este esquema conceptual, las medidas específicas fueron organizadas en nuevas categorías, basadas en diferentes dimensiones del desempeño de la narrativa oral de historias como la fluidez, la cohesión y la inclusión de elementos psicológicos. La aplicación de este nuevo esquema de clasificación a los estudios publicados entre 2010 y 2018 reveló que las medidas específicas de calidad narrativa varían amplia y ortogonalmente a los métodos más generales empleados, lo que explica parte de la confusión conceptual y metodológica presente en la literatura sobre la evaluación de las habilidades narrativas orales. Se espera que este nuevo esquema de clasificación pueda ayudar a disipar parte de esta confusión y a mejorar la comparabilidad y la replicabilidad de los estudios.

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