Youth Participation in the Prevention of the Consumption of Psychoactive Substances A Case Study Across Healthy Schools, Cali-Colombia

Abstract

Introduction: The consumption of psychoactive substances (PAS) among schoolchildren suggests a complex phenomenon with multiple negative effects. From the perspective of social determinants and health promotion, the Educational Institution (EI) acts as a decisive agent for participatory actions. The present study aimed to identify individuals and institutional factors associated with the participation of students in an I.E. public of Cali (Colombia) toward the prevention of the consumption of PAS. Materials and methods: This is a case study with a qualitative and quantitative approach. The former involved a documentary analysis for the exploration of the response and the institutional factors of EI, which were selected as a critical case. Meanwhile, to identify the relevant individual factors, a quantitative component was developed through a survey of 156 students (Secondary–Middle School) of that EI. Results: Students identified pressure from friends or classmates as a relevant factor for PAS consumption, indicating that the spaces and prevention processes with the most significant contribution are communication with peers. The curricular work from the areas to strengthen decision-making is also recognized as an institutional factor. Conclusion: Within the healthy schools' strategy, the alliance between the education and health sectors is of crucial relevance for the promotion of the revitalization of spaces and participation processes aimed at preventing the consumption of PAS. The analysis of studies on the development of healthy schools strategy is thus required to generate elements of reflection directed toward the adjustment of the actions facilitating the empowerment of the students and those referring to[...]