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Este trabalho documenta as relações entre o desempenho acadêmico e um conjunto de fatores não cognitivos que podem afetá-lo. Seguindo uma abordagem socioecológica do problema, constatou-se que as mentalidades acadêmicas influenciam o desempenho. As crenças sobre a plasticidade cerebral —em particular, a ideia de que as habilidades mentais são fixas e não mudam com o esforço — apresentam uma correlação negativa com o desempenho acadêmico. Por outro lado, hábitos saudáveis, como fazer três refeições por dia, estão positivamente correlacionados ao desempenho acadêmico, enquanto o consumo de cigarros apresenta correlação negativa. De forma consistente com a literatura, frequentar as aulas está associado a melhores resultados acadêmicos. São discutidas várias possibilidades de políticas estudantis que podem ser fortalecidas a partir dessas constatações.

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