Contenido principal del artículo

Sandra Milena Cardozo Lozano
La trata mujeres es un fenómeno generalizado, conforma un tema complejo con múltiples consecuencias que tiene una relación directa en la cual el problema de la trata es entendido por las instituciones que la regulan y proponen su solución. Las estrategias gubernamentales deben responder a la multidimensionalidad del fenómeno siguiendo herramientas estatales para contrarrestar los efectos de un crimen y que reconozca que las mujeres, los hombres, la niñez y la adolescencia pueden ser vulnerables indiscriminadamente de este flagelo. Sin embargo, se debe reconocer que debido a factores culturales las mujeres y las niñas son la mayoría de las víctimas por ello se requieren acciones específicas dirigidas hacia ellas.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.
Cardozo Lozano, S. M. (2011). Debate feminista sobre la trata de mujeres para el propósito de la explotación. Desafíos, 23(1), 217 - 257. Recuperado a partir de https://revistas.urosario.edu.co/index.php/desafios/article/view/1617

Sandra Milena Cardozo Lozano, Central European University

Master in Women and Gender Studies. Central European University, Hungary and Oviedo University, Spain. Internationalist and political scientist. Rosario University, Colombia

Altink Siestske, Stolen Lives. Trading Women into Sex and Slavery. London: Scarlet Press, 1995.

Agudo María Cristina, Tráfico de personas. Naufragio de sueños. Bogotá: Fundación Esperanza, 2003.

Agustin Laura, “Alternate ethics or Telling Lies to Researchers. Border Thinking on Migration, Trafficking and Commercial Sex”, Research for Sex Work. May 2010, http://www.nodo50.org/Laura_Agustin/ alternate-ethics-or-telling-lies-to-researchers Ascencio Isabel, Orígenes e institucionalización de la prostitución. Salvador: Asociación de Mujeres Flor Piedra, 1990.

Barry Kathleen, Female Sexual Slavery. New York and London: New York University Press, 1979.

Barry Kathleen, The Prostitution of Sexuality. The Global Exploitation. New York and London: New York University Press, 1995. Beasley, Chris and Carol Bacchi. 2000.

Citizen Bodies: Embodying Citizens – A Feminist Analysis. International Feminist Journal of Politics. 2(3):337-358. Accessed 20 May 2010. http://www.informaworld.com. Bell Laurie, Good Girls/Bad Girls. Toronto: The Seal Press, 1987.

Bell Shannon, Reading, Writing & Rewriting the Prostitute Body. United States: Indiana University Press, 1994. Bidman Jo, “An International Perspective on Slavery in the Sex Industry”. In Global Sex Workers: Rights Resistance, and Redefinition. Kamala Kempadoo and Jo Doezema, eds, 65-68. New York: Routledge, 1998.

Bidman Jo, Anti-Slavery International. Redefining Prostitution as Sex Work on the International Agenda. Vancouver: Network of Sex Work Projects, 1997. Accessed May, 2010. http://www.childtrafficking.com/

Brunovskis Anette and Tyldum Guri, Crossing Borders. An Empirical Study of Transnational Prostitution and Trafficking in Human Beings. Oslo: Fafo, 2004. accessed July, 2010. http://www.fafo.no Brussa Licia. “The Tampep Project in Western Europe.” In Global Sex Workers: Rights, Resistance and Redefinition, edited by Kemala Kempadoo and Joe Doezema, eds, 246-259. New York and London: Routledge. Chapkis Wendy, Live Sex Acts. Women Performing Erotic Labor. New York: Routledge, 1997.

Culbertson Roberta, “Embodied Memory, Transcendence, and Telling: Recounting Trauma, Re-Establishing the Self.” New Literary History 26(1) (1995): 169-195. Day Sophie, Sex, Work and Health in Europe. Great Britain: Columbia University Press, 2004.

Delacoste Priscilla. and Alexander Priscilla, Sex Work: Writing by women in the sex industry. Pittsburg: Cleis Press, 1987.

Denzin Norman, “The Art and Politics of Interpretation” in Denzin, Norman K., Lincoln, Yvona S. (eds.) Collecting and interpreting qualitative materials. London: Sage. (2003): 361-374.

De Piedra Flor, Orígenes e institucionalización de la prostitución. San Salvador: Asociación de Mujeres, 1998.

Doezema Jo, “Forced to Choose: Beyond the Voluntary v. Forced Prostitution Dichotomy.” In Global Sex Workers: Rights Resistance, and Redefinition. Kamala Kempadoo and Jo Doezema, eds., 34-51. New York: Routledge, 1998.

Doezema Jo, “Loose Women or Lost Women? The re-emergence of the myth of ‘with slavery’ in contemporary discourses of ‘trafficking in women. ”International Studies Convention Washington, DC, February 16 - 20, 1999. Gender Issues, Vol. 18, Nr. 1, Winter (2000): 23-50.

Doezema Jo, “Western Feminist Wounded Attachment to the Third World Prostitute.” Feminist Review No. 67. Spring (2001): 16-38. Doezema Jo, “Who gets to choose? Coercion, Consent and the UN Trafficking Protocol.” Gender and Development, Volume 10 Number 1, March 2002. Brighton: University of Brighton, 2002.

Evans David, Sexual Citizenship. The Material Construction of Sexualities. London and New York: Routledge, 1993.

Ezzy Douglas, Qualitative Analysis. Practice and Innovation. London: Routledge, 2002. Fabre Cécile, Whose Body is it Anyway? Justice and the Integrity of the Person. Oxford: Clarendon, 2006.

Fraser Heather, Doing narrative research. Analysing personal stories line by line. London: Sage Publications London, Thousand Oaks, CA and New Delhi, Vol. 3(2) (2004): 179–201. Accessed July, 2010. Retrieved from http://qsw.sagepub.com

Fendrich Michael, “The Medicalization of Society: On the Transformation of Human Conditions into Treatable Disorders Construe.” Great Britain: The New England Journal of Medicine, 2010. Accessed July, 2010. http://content.nejm.org Fundación Esperanza. Trata de personas y desplazamiento forzado. Estudio exploratorio sobre la vulnerabilidad a la trata de personas en poblaciones en situación de desplazamiento en Aguablanca, Cali-Colombia. Colombia: Fundación Esperanza, 2004.

Fundación Solidaridad Democrática, La prostitución de las mujeres. Madrid: Instituto de la mujer, 1988.

Goode Erich and Ben-Yehuda Nachman, Moral panics. The social constructions of deviance. Blackewell Publisshing Ltda, 1994. Gould Artur, “The Criminalisation of Buying Sex: the Politics of Prostitution in Sweden.” Cambridge University Press. Journal of Social Policy, 30 (2001): 437-457.

Green Adam, “Queer Theory and Sociology: Locating the Subject and the Self in Sexuality Studies.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Montreal Convention Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Aug 10, 2006. Accessed July, 2010. http:// www.allacademic.com/meta/p95898_index.html

Marilys Guillemin and Lynn Gillam, “Ethics, Reflexivity, and Ethically Important Moments” in Research Qualitative Inquiry April 2004 10: 261-280, doi:10.1177/1077800403262360. Accessed July, 2010. http:// qix.sagepub.com.

Hodder Ian, “The Interpertation of Documents and Material Culture” in Denzin,, Norman K., Lincoln, Yvona S. (eds.) Collecting and interpreting qualitative materials. London: Sage. (2003): 110-129.

Hunter Andrew, The Development of Theoretical Approaches to Sex Work in Australian. Sex-Worker Rights Groups, 1992.

International Organization for Migration, ‘New IOM Figures on the Global Scale of Trafficking,’ Trafficking in Migrants. Nr. 23, April (2001).

Jeffreys Sheila, The idea of prostitution. Australia: Spinifex, 1997. Jeffreys Sheila, “Queer Theory and Violence against Women.” Vancouver: Sisyphe, 1994. Accessed July, 2010. http://sisyphe.org

Fendrich Michael, “The Medicalization of Society: On the transformation of Human Conditions into Treatable Disorders Construe.” Great Britain: The New England Journal of Medicine, 2010. Accessed July, 2010. http://content.nejm.org Green Adam, “Queer Theory and Sociology: Locating the Subject and the Self in Sexuality Studies.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association Montreal Convention Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, August 10, 2006. Accessed July, 2010. http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p95898_index.html Jenness Valerie, ‘From Sex as Sin to Sex as Work: COYOTE and the Reorganization of Prostitution as a Social Problem.’ Social Problems 37(3) (1990): 403-20.

Gurium, Jaber F., Holstein, James A. “Analysing Interpretative Practices” in Denzin, Norman K., Lincoln, Yvonna S. (eds.) Collecting and interpreting qualitative materials. London, (2003): 214-248.

International Labour Organization, Convention Concerning Forced or Compulsory Labour, 1930 (Convention No. 29), of the International Labour Organization. Accessed February, 2010. http://www.ilo.org International Labour Organization, Convention Concerning Migration for Employment (Revised), 1949 (Convention No. 97), of the International Labour Organization. Accessed February, 2010. http://www.ilo.org

International Labour Organization, Convention Concerning the Abolition of Forced Labour, 1957 (Convention No. 105), of the International Labour Organization. Accessed February, 2010. http://www.ilo.org

International Labour Organization, Convention Concerning Migrations in Abusive Conditions and the Promotion of Equality of Opportunity and Treatment of Migrant Workers, 1975 (Convention No. 143), of the International Labour Organization. Accessed February, 2010. http://www.ilo.org

International Labour Organization, Convention Concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour, 1999 (Convention No. 182), of the International Labour Organization. Accessed February, 2010. http://www.ilo.org Kempadoo Kamala, Trafficking and Prostitution Reconsidered. New perspectives on migration, sex work and human rights. London: Paradigm Publisher, 2005.

Kempadoo Kamala and Doezema Joe, Global sex workers: Rights, resistance, and redefinition. New York : Routledge, 1998. Lopez J, La prostitución: en 25000 palabras. Barcelona: Editorial Bruguera, 1975.

McClintock Anne, Imperial Leather: Race, Gender and Sexuality in the Colonial Contest. New York: Routledge, 1995.

Martínez Carreño Aída, “De la moral pública a la moral privada, 1820- 1920” Placer, dinero y pecado. Historia de la prostitución en Colombia. Bogotá: Aguilar, (2002):129- 163.

Murray Allison, “Debt-Bondage and Trafficking. Don’t believe the Hype.” In Global Sex Workers: Rights Resistance, and Redefinition. Kamala Kempadoo and Jo Doezema, eds, 52-64. New York: Routledge, 1998.

Nencel Lorraine, Ethnography and Prostitution in Peru. London: Pluto Press, 2001. Oleksy Elzbieta, Intimate citizenships.

Gender, sexualities, politics. New York: Routledge, 2009. Organización Internacional para las Migraciones. Dimensiones de la trata de personas en Colombia. Bogotá: Organización

Internacional para las Migraciones, 2006. Organización Internacional para las Migraciones. Estudio exploratorio sobre rata de personas con fines de explotación sexual en Argentina, Chile y Uruguay. Argentina: Organización Internacional para las Migraciones, 2006.

Organización Internacional para las Migraciones. La trata de mujeres, adolescentes, niñas y niños en México. México, D.F.: Organización Internacional para las Migraciones, 2006.

Organización Internacional para las Migraciones. La trata de personas. Aspectos básicos. México, D.F.: Organización Internacional para las Migraciones, 2006.

Organización Internacional para las Migraciones. Memorias Encuentro Internacional: La aplicación de la Justicia en la Trata de Personas. Intercambio de experiencias. Bogotá: Organización Internacional para las Migraciones, 2005.

Organización Internacional para las Migraciones. Panorama sobre la trata de personas. Desafíos y respuestas: Colombia, Estados Unidos y República Dominicana. Bogotá: Organización Internacional para las Migraciones, 2006.

Organización Internacional para las Migraciones. Promoción de una perspectiva de género en el trabajo con poblaciones afectadas por el desplazamiento interno forzado. Bogotá: Organización Internacional para las Migraciones, Jun. 2006.

Organización Internacional para las Migraciones y Fundación Esperanza. Tráfico de personas en Colombia. Primer encuentro nacional sobre el tráfico de personas en Colombia 15, 16 y 17 de noviembre de 2000. Memorias. Bogotá: La Imprenta Editores, 2002.

Outshoorn Joyce, “Women’s Movement and Bodily Integrity: Towards a Dynamic Institutionalist Approach.” FEMCIT, Working paper 1, 2008. Accessed May, 2010. http://www.femcit.org

Outshoorn, Joyce. The politics of prostitution. Women’s Movement, Democratic and the Globalisation of sex Commerce. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

Paul Gray, The research imagination: an introduction to qualitative and quantitative methods. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007.

Pearson, Elaine. Manual de derechos humanos y trata de personas. Bogotá: Alianza Global contra la Trata de Mujeres, 2004. Pheterson Gail, A Vindication of the Rights of Whores. United States: The Seal Press, 1989

Pheterson Gail, The Prostitution Prism. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 1996. Polanía Molina Fanny, Tráfico internacional de mujeres colombianas. Análisis del tratamiento periodístico. Bogotá: Fundación Esperanza, 2002.

Plummer Ken, Documents of life 2: An invitation to a critical humanism. London: Sage Publications, 2001.

Plummer Ken, Intimate citizenship: Private decisions and public dialogues. University of Washington Press, 2003. Popkin Jeremy, “Narrative Theory, History and Autobiography.” History Historians, and Autobiography. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press. (2005): 33-56.

Richardson Diane, “Claiming Citizenship? Sexuality, Citizenship and Lesbian/ Feminist Theory.” Sexualities, 3:2 (2000): 255–272. Accessed May, 2010 http://www.ucm.es

Roberts Nickie, Whores in History: Prostitution in Western Society. London: Harper Collins, 1992. Roseneil Sasha, “Changing Cultural Discourses about Intimate Life: The Demands and Actions of Women’s Movements and Other Movements for Gender and Sexual Equality and Change.” FEMCIT, Working paper 2, 2009. Accessed May, 2010 http://www.femcit.org

Rosenthal, Gabriele (1993),Reconstruction of Life Stories. Principles of Selection in Generating Stories for Narrative Biographical Interviews” in: Josselsen, Ruthhellen, Lieblich, Amia (eds.) The Narrative Study of Lives. Volume I. London: Sage. pp. 59-91.

Secretaria de Relaciones Exteriores. Trata de seres humanos. Definición, experiencias y la cooperación internacional en el marco del protocolo para prevenir, reprimir y sancionar la trata de personas, especialmente mujeres y niños, de la Convención de las Naciones Unidas contra la Delincuencia Organizada Transnacional. México: Secretaria de Relaciones Exteriores, UNIFEM, PNUD, 2005.

Smyth Lisa, “Gendered spaces and intimate citizenship: the case of breastfeeding.” Paper presented at Monitoring parents: childrearing in the age of intensive parenting, Canterbury, United Kingdom, 22nd May 2007. Accessed May, 2010 http://www.parentingculturestudies.org Sullivan Barbara, “Trafficking in Women Feminism and New International Law.” International Feminist Journal of Politics, Australia: University of Queensland 5:1 (March 2003): 67-91. Accessed May, 2010.http:// www.tandf.co.uk/journals

The Global Alliance against Traffic in Women, Human Rights and Trafficking in persons: A Handbook. Bangkok: Global Alliance Against Traffic in Women, 2000.

United Nations General Assembly. 1993. 48/104: Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women (A/RES/48/104). New York: United Nations.

United Nations, International Agreement for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic, signed in Paris on 18 May 1904. Accessed February, 2010. http://treaties.un.org/ United Nations, Protocol amending the International Agreement for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic, signed at Paris on 18 May 1904, and the International Convention for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic. Accessed February, 2010. http://treaties.un.org/ United Nations, International Convention for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic, signed in Paris on 4 May 1910. Accessed February, 2010. http://treaties.un.org/

United Nations, International Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women and Children, concluded at Geneva on 30 September 1921. Accessed February, 2010. http://treaties.un.org/

United Nations, Slavery Convention, on 25 September 1926 United Nations. Accessed February, 2010. http://treaties.un.org/

United Nations, Protocol amending the Slavery Convention signed in Geneva on 25 September 1926. Accessed February, 2010. http:// treaties.un.org/

United Nations, International Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women of Full Age, concluded in Geneva on 11 October 1933. Accessed February, 2010. http://treaties.un.org/

United Nations, Protocol to amend the Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women and Children, concluded at Geneva on 30 September 1921, and the Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women of Full Age, concluded on Geneva on 11 October 1933. Accessed February, 2010. http://treaties.un.org/

United Nations, Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others of 2 December 1949. Accessed February, 2010. http://treaties.un.org/ United Nations, Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery, done at Geneva on 7 September 1956. Accessed February, 2010. http:// treaties.un.org/

United Nations, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966). Accessed February, 2010. http://treaties.un.org/

United Nations, Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, adopted by the General Assembly in its resolution 34/180 of 18 December 1979. Accessed February, 2010. http://treaties.un.org/

United Nations, International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of all Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, adopted by the General Assembly in its resolution 45/158 of 18 December 1990. Accessed February, 2010. http://treaties.un.org/

United Nations, Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography (2000). Accessed February, 2010. http://treaties.un.org/

United Nations, United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (2000). Accessed February, 2010. http://treaties.un.org/

United Nations, Protocol to prevent, suppress and punish trafficking in persons, especially women and children, supplementing the United Nations convention against transnational organized crime (2000). Accessed February, 2010. http://treaties.un.org/

United States Department of State. 2005. Trafficking in Persons Report: June 2010. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of State.

United States Department of State. 2006. Trafficking in Persons Report: June 2010. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of State. United States Department of State. 2007. Trafficking in Persons Report: June 2010. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of State.

United States Department of State. 2008. Trafficking in Persons Report: June 2010. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of State.

United States Department of State. 2009. Trafficking in Persons Report: June 2010. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of State. United States Department of State. 2010.

Trafficking in Persons Report: June 2010. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of State. Vanswesenbeeck Ine, Prostitutes well-being and risk. Amsterdam. VU University Press, 1994.

Universidad del Rosario, Ministerio del Interior y Justicia and Oficina de las Naciones Unidas contra la Droga y el Delito Organizado, Aspectos Jurídicos del Delito de la Trata de Persona. Bogotá: Convenio Interinstitucional, 2009.

Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Oficina de las Naciones Unidas contra la Droga y el Delito Organizado and Ministerio del Interior y Justicia. Bogotá: Convenio Interinstitucional, 2009.

Waitt Gordon, “Sexually citizenship in Latvia: geographies of the Latvian closet” Social & cultural Geography 6 (2nd. April 2005): 161-80. Watts Charlotte and Zimmerman Cathy, “Violence Against Women: global scope and magnitude.” The Lancet, Vol 359. April 6, 2002.

Walkowitz Judith, Prostitution and Victorian society. Women, Class and State. Cambridge University Express: Great Britain, 1991.

Wijers Marjan, “Women, Labour and Migration. The position of trafficked women and strategies for support.” In Global Sex Workers: Rights Resistance, and Redefinition. Kamala Kempadoo and Jo Doezema, eds., 69-80. New York: Routledge, 1998.

Zimmerman Cathy and Charlotte Watts, Who ethical and safety recommendations for interviewing trafficked women. Geneve: WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, 2003. Accessed May, 2010. http://www.who.int/gender/documents/en/final%20recommendations%2023%20oct.pdf

Detalles del artículo