Police Reform in Europe: Challenges, Debates, and Alternatives

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.12804/desafios28.2.2016.03

Article Sidebar

PDF (Español (España)) HTML (Español (España)) Lector Inteligente (Español (España)) ePub (Español (España))

Issue: Vol. 28 No. 2 (2016): (July-December) Public Safety, Criminality and Police
Section Thematic Dossier


Keywords: Police reform organizational change police models partnership legitimacy.

Main Article Content

Authors

Manuel Martín
Diego Torrente

Abstract

The police is an institution in permanent transformation. This is because of the need of adaptation to the social, economic and political changes in their environment. Police organizations interpret these changes and make strategic decisions affecting their structure and functioning. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between recent changes in the European police environment and the processes of organizational reform. The methodology is based on a review of scientific literature on the topic. Three key decisional axes around the reform of police organizations are identified and discussed. The first has to do with the overall strategic model as organization. The second refers to the appropriate degree of openness of police towards collaboration with partners from public, private and civil society sectors. The third one is transversal. It refers to the best way the police can ensure and maximize their legitimacy in an increasingly fragmented and unequal society. The three questions are inescapable when considering any reform or modernization of the police today.
The article discusses the implications of all of them and explains the reasons why the so-called “proximity policing” offers a more satisfying answer to both social challenges and academic debates. The European experience may be of interest in the Latin American context.

How to Cite
Martín, M., & Torrente, D. (2016). Police Reform in Europe: Challenges, Debates, and Alternatives. Desafíos, 28(2), 113–144. https://doi.org/10.12804/desafios28.2.2016.03
References

Albreicht, S. L. & Green, M. (1977). Attitudes toward the Police and the Larger Attitude Complex. Implications for Police-Community Relationships. Criminology 15(1), 67-86.

Ballbé, M. (1983). Orden público y militarismo en la España Constitucional (1812-1983). Madrid: Alianza Editorial.

Bayley, D. H. (2008). Police reform: Who done it? Policing and Society 8(1), 7-17.

Bosch, J. L, Farrás, J., Martín, M., Sabaté, J. & Torrente, D. (2005). Estado, mercado y seguridad ciudadana: Análisis de la articulación entre la seguridad pública y privada en España. Revista Internacional de Sociología 39, 107-137.

Braga, A. A. & Weisburd D. L. (2007). Police Innovation and Crime Prevention: Lessons Learned from Police Research over the Past 20 Years. National Institute of Justice (NIJ).

Brown, B. & Benedict, W. R. (2002). Perceptions of the police: Past findings, methodological issues, conceptual issues and policy implications. Policing and Police Models. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 25(3), 543-580.

Cunningham, W., Strauchs, J. J. & Van Meter, C. W. (1990). The Hallcrest Report II: Private Security Trends 1970-2000. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Cunningham, W. & Taylor, T. H. (1985): Private Security and Police in America: The Hallcrest Report. Porland: Chancellor Press.

De Miguel, J. M., & Martín, M. (1995). Matar al padre: Un modelo de reconstrucción del conflicto social desde la Sociología de las Organizaciones. Papers: Revista de Sociología 47, 31-53.

Ellison, G., & O’ Reilly C. (2008). Ulster’s policing goes global: The police reform process in Northern Ireland and the creation of a global brand. Crime, Law and Social Change 50, 331-351.

Fiedler, F. E. (1964). A Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness. En L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (pp. 149-190). New York: Academic Press.

Finckenauer, J. O. (1976). Some factors in police discretion and decision making. Journal of Criminal Justice 4, 29-46.

Gascó, M. & Sallent, E. (2013). El Proyecto COMPOSITE sobre gestión del cambio en las organizaciones policiales. Revista Catalana de Seguretat Pública 26, 123-134.

Goldstein, H. (1990). Problem Oriented Policing. Nueva York: McGraw-Hill. Greene, J., & Mastrofski, S. (Eds.) (1988). Community Policing: Rhetoric or Reality? Nueva York: Praeger.

Guillen, F. (2016). Modelos de Policía. Hacia un modelo de seguridad plural. Barcelona: Bosch Editor.

Harfield, C. (2008). The organization of ‘organized crime policing’ and its international context. Criminology & Criminal Justice 8(4), 483-507.

Woodward, J. (1958). Management and Technology. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.

Jackson, J. & Bradford, B. (2009). Crime, policing and social order: on the expressive nature of public confidence in policing. The British Journal of Sociology 60(3), 493-521.

Jackson, J. & Sunshine, J. (2007). Public Confidence in Policing: A NeoDurkheimian Perspective. British Journal of Criminology 47, 214-233.

Jacobs, K. (2010). The Politics of Partnerships: A Study of Police and Housing collaboration to Tackle anti-social Behavior on Australian Public Housing Estates. Public Administration 88(4), 928–942.

Jansen, F. E., & Bruinsma, G. J.N. (1997). Policing organized crime: A new direction. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 5(4), 85-98.

Johnston, L. (1992). The Rebirth of Private Policing. Londres: Routledge.

Jones, T. & Newburn, T. (1998). Private Security and Public Policing. Nueva York: Oxford University Press.

Kakalik, J. S. & Wildhorn, S. (1972). Private Police in the United States (The Rand report). Washington: National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice.

Kelling, G. & Moore, M. (1988). From Political to Reform to Community: The Evolving Strategy of Police. En J. Greene & S. Mastrofski (Eds.), Community Policing: Rhetoric or Reality? (pp. 1-26) Nueva York: Praeger.

Kutnjak, S., (2008). A Comparative Study of Public Support for the Police. International Criminal Justice Review 18(4), 406-434.

Lawrence, P. R., & Lorsch, J. V. (1967). Organization and Environment: Managing Differentiation and Integration. Cambridge: Harvard Business School Press.

Martín, M. (1990). La profesión de policía. Madrid: CIS-Siglo XXI.

Martín, M. (julio-septiembre, 1992). Policía, profesión y organización: hacia un modelo integral de la Policía en España. Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas 59, 205-222.

Martín, M. (1994), Mujeres policías. Madrid: CIS-Siglo XXI.

Martín, M. (2001), La financiación de las Policías Locales. Cuadernos de la Guardia Civil: Revista de seguridad pública 23, 75-84.

Mastrofski, S. D. & Willis, J. J. (2010). Police Organization Continuity and Change: Into the Twenty-first Century. Crime and Justice 39(1), 55-144.

Matthews, R. (1989). Privatizing Criminal Justice. Londres: Sage.

McGuire, M. (2006). Collaborative Public Management: Assessing what we know and how we know it. Public Administration Review, 66(1), 33-43.

Medina, J. (2011). Políticas y estrategias de prevención del delito y seguridad ciudadana. Madrid: Edisofer.

Moore, M. H. & Trojanowicz, R. C. (1988). Corporate Strategies for Policing. Cambridge: National Institute of Justice, U.S. Department of Justice.

Murphy, K., & Cherney, A. (2012). Understanding cooperation with Police in a diverse society. British Journal of Criminology, 52,181-201.

Oakley, R. (2001). Building Police-Community Partnerships: UK and European Experience. Australian Institute of Criminology.

Pennings, J. M. (1975). The Relevance of the Structural-Contingency Model for Organizational Effectiveness. Administrative Science Quarterly 20(3), 393-410.

Ponsaers, P. (2001). Reading about “Community (Oriented) Policing” and Police Models. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 24(4), 470-496.

Reiss, A. J. (1971). The Police and the Public. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Scott, W. R. (1981). Organizations: Rational, Natural, and Open Systems. Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice Hall Inc.

Shearing, C. D. & Stenning, P. (Eds.). (1987). Private Policing Newbury Park: Sage.

Sherman, L. (1998). Evidence-Based Policing, Ideas in American Policing. Washington: Police Foundation.

Skogan, W. (2006). The Promise of Community Policing. En David L. Weisburd & Braga, A. A. Police Innovation: Contrasting Perspectives. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Spitzer, S. & Scull, A. Scull. (1977). Privatization and Capitalist development: the case of Private Police. Social Problems 1(25), 18-29.

Sunshine, J. & Tyler, T. R. (2003). The Role of Procedural Justice and Legitimacy in Shaping Public Support for Policing. Law & Society Review 37(3), 513–548.

Thompson, J. D. (1967). Organizations in Action: Social Science bases of Administrative Theory. McGraw-Hill: New York.

Torrente, D. (1997). La sociedad policial: Poder, trabajo y cultura en una organización local de Policía. Madrid. Barcelona: CIS y Universidad de Barcelona.

Torrente, D. (1999). Prevención del delito y futuro de la Policía. Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas, 85, 85-94.

Torrente, D. (2001). Desviación y delito. Madrid: Alianza Universidad.

Torrente, D. (2006). Vendiendo seguridad: servicios, conflictos y estrategias de la seguridad privada en España. Sistema. Revista de ciencias sociales 192, 77-104.

Torrente D., Valencia V. & Bosch, J. L. C. (2005). Organizando la seguridad: análisis organizativo de los servicios privados de seguridad en España. Política y sociedad 42(3), 185-208.

Torrente, D., Jaime, O., Sabater, J., Folguera, J. & Peñaranda, V. (2015). Cambio en las demandas de seguridad y políticas policiales en España. XII Congreso de la AECPA (San Sebastián).

Trojanowicz, R. (1989). Preventing Civil Disturbances: A Community Policing Approach. East Lasing: Michigan State University.

Van den Born, A. et al. (2013). Policing opportunities and threats in Europe. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 26(5), 811-829.

Van Sluis, A., Cachet, L., Jochoms, T., Ringeling, A. & Sey, A. (Eds.). (2013). Contested Police Systems: Changes in the Police Systems of Belgium, Denmark, England and Wales, Germany and the Netherlands: Eleven Publising.

Weisburd, D. & Eck, J. (2004). What Can Police Do to Reduce Crime, Disorder, and Fear? Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 593, 42-65.

Williams, J. W. (2005) Reflections on the Private versus Public Policing of Economic Crime. Bristish Journal of Criminology 45, 316-339.

Wilson, J. Q. & Kelling, G. L. (1982). Broken windows. The Police and Neighborhood Safety. The Atlantic Monthly 249(3), 29-38.

Worrall, J. L. & Gaines, L. K. (2006). The effect of police-probation partnerships on juvenile arrests. Journal of Criminal Justice 34, 579-589.

Query Statistics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
Publcation metrics

1191 1481




 

Los derechos de autor serán de la Universidad del Rosario. Cuando el autor quiera publicar el manuscrito en otra publicación, deberá pedir a la Editorial de la Universidad del Rosario los permisos correspondientes. De igual forma, cuando la Revista esté interesada en publicar artículos que ya han sido publicados en otras revistas, procederá a solicitar los permisos correspondientes en la editorial donde se realizó la primera publicación. Bajo una Creative Commons Attribution License, los autores pueden compartir el trabajo con un reconocimiento de la autoría del trabajo y la publicación inicial en esta revista.