Effectiveness of Cognitive Stimulation in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.16174

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Published: May 15, 2026
Issue: Vol. 43 No. 3 (2025)
Section Artículos


Keywords: cognitive stimulation cognitive impairment older adults aging

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Authors

  Lisbeth Anshela Tapie Reinoso
Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Ecuador
  Lizbeth Katherine Cabrera León
Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Ecuador

Abstract

The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive stimulation programs in older adults aged ≥65 years with mild cognitive impairment. The review included experimental and quasi-experimental studies published between 2018 and 2024 involving older adults with mild cognitive impairment; studies focusing on established dementia, pharmacological interventions, and other neurological conditions were excluded. The search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, and methodological quality was assessed using the JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute) critical appraisal tool to ensure transparency and integrity in the presentation of results. Following the identification, screening, and eligibility process, 14 studies were included in the narrative synthesis, grouped into three categories: technological and virtual reality interventions, structured multidomain programs, and reminiscence therapies; demonstrating that cognitive stimulation improves global cognition and specific functions such as working memory, divided attention, verbal fluency, and temporo-spatial orientation; technological tools show results similar to traditional programs; while interventions with affective components (reminiscence) enhance cognitive performance and emotional well-being. Effectiveness depends on intensity, duration, baseline impairment, and sociocultural context. Although some studies had small sample sizes and limited follow-up periods, the results support cognitive stimulation as a useful non-pharmacological strategy for promoting active aging and preserving cognitive function, especially when it is personalized, multi-domain, and sustained over time. The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines.

How to Cite
Tapie Reinoso, L. A., & Cabrera León, L. K. (2026). Effectiveness of Cognitive Stimulation in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review. Avances En Psicología Latinoamericana, 43(3). https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.16174
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