Eficiencia técnica y sus determinantes en micronegocios manufactureros: un análisis de productividad en sección cruzada
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Usando datos desagregados, se estiman los niveles de eficiencia técnica en micronegocios manufactureros para las seis principales áreas metropolitanas de Colombia, mediante el análisis de frontera estocástica (Aigner, Lovell & Schmidt, 1977; Meeusen & Van den Broeck, 1977). Se evalúa el efecto de algunas de las barreras al crecimiento de la productividad identificadas por Busom y Vélez-Ospina (2017) y Pagés (2010), y por el Conpes 3527 de 2008, por medio del empleo de una función de distribución de ineficiencia (Battese & Coelli, 1995). Los resultados evidencian que el nivel medio de eficiencia técnica en costes de la muestra alcanza un 61.6 %. Los índices de eficiencia de las áreas metropolitanas dentro del país son superiores a los de la periferia. El registro en cámara de comercio, el acceso a crédito, así como el uso de capital tic, se asocian con mayores niveles de eficiencia técnica. Los micronegocios con mujeres a la cabeza se relacionan con menores tasas de eficiencia en el uso de factores.
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