Marginality, Precariat and Advanced Marginality: Theoretical Definitions and Empirical Realities from Different Socio-spatial Contexts in Mexico City

In this paper I propose a reflection on the concepts of urban marginality and precariousness starting from an articulation between empirical data and theoretical concepts. Some theoretical definitions are discussed and linked to the reality of precarious workers who work without any pay in the sector of consumer services known in Mexico as propineros. These workers represent a constituent part of the economic system and an inescapable presence in the metropolitan labor market, although difficult to quantify from official sources. To study the condition of precariousness in regard to work, it must be examined in a broader context, particularly considering certain socio-spatial elements such as family and neighborhood ties, support networks and their location in the metropolis.