The royalties in Colombia and its impact at the subnational level

For several years has been hold a fascinating debate on royalties, because of what they mean for the financesof the subnational entities, their social impact and its meaning in tax matters for companies, among others issues. The objective of this work is to present the regulatory framework governing royalties currently, show the variables that determine them from legal order and its impact; as well as studying the possible resulting groupings at the municipal and departmental levels taking as a basis a broader set of variables different of royalties.

Respect to normative determinants, it was found that the amount of the royalties depends on mining production, the international oil prices, exchange rate and inflation. From the point of view of the territorial entities, it was found that assigned royalties are basically dependent on mining GDP. Meanwhile, departmental and municipal tax revenues are not dependent on GDP without mining (mining excluded from GDP). Finally, there are a small group of territorial entities where royalties have some impact, leaving some concern regarding to the constitutional mandate pointing to “the State owns the subsoil and non-renewable natural resources”, where the impact should covers most of the national territory.