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Sebastián C. Gallego
Mario A. Gamboa Ramírez

Diagnósticos relacionados à exposição de fatores de risco psicossocial na população de trabalhadores é um problema comum que afeta a produtividade das empresas. Atualmente existem poucas informações sobre metodologias para o retorno ao trabalho de um trabalhador com transtorno mental adquirido. O objetivo é descrever as metodologias existentes para a reintegração no trabalho após afastamentos causados por problemas de saúde mental dos trabalhadores, a fim de gerar diretrizes que possibilitem uma reintegração efetiva. Para o desenvolvimento desta revisão, foi utilizada a metodologia PRISMA, buscando artigos científicos publicados entre 2009 e 2019 em as bases de periódicos indexados MedLine, PubMed, lilacs, ProQuest, eCochrane Library, com foco em estudos de ensaios clínicos e revisões sistemáticas em espanhol e inglês. Selecionamos 48 artigos para estabelecer resultados em relação aos transtornos entais que geram afastamento do trabalho. Identificamos seis categorias, de acordo com o Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais (DSM-V, por sua sigla em inglês), bem como a descrição e efetividade das intervenções realizadas. Observamos dez intervenções e fatores facilitadores classificados em seis categorias que norteiam as orientações para o processo de retorno ao trabalho (RL). As terapias cognitivo-comportamentais presenciais ou on-line são a melhor alternativa no desenvolvimento de programas de RL para trabalhadores com algum tipo de afetação de saúde mental. A psicoeducação como única intervenção não é recomendada, no entanto, se evidencia a sua eficácia como ferramenta que integra outros tipos de intervenções.

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