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Silvina Sánchez Mera

 El estatus de civil es fundamental en el derecho penal internacional, puesto que son las víctimas por excelencia en los crímenes de lesa humanidad y en los de guerra. Sin embargo, el concepto se originó en el derecho de la guerra donde la idea del civil se construyó en torno a ciertas características que se le adscriben como esenciales. Este concepto y sus esencialismos han sido trasladados al campo del derecho penal internacional. Empleando una metodología feminista, este artículo busca mostrar esta construcción del civil como débil, pasivo, sumiso y femenino y cómo se manifiesta y naturaliza en la práctica de la Corte Penal Internacional (cpi). Se argumenta que esos esencialismos impiden una justicia de género a la vez que dan lugar a la impunidad al no representar correctamente las experiencias de las víctimas y silenciar ciertos crímenes.

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