Contenido principal del artículo

João Pedro de Souza

El artículo analiza los precedentes de la Corte Penal Internacional (cpi) que se ocuparon de la exclusión de la prueba obtenida ilegalmente con base en el inciso “b” del artículo 69(7) del Estatuto de Roma. Esta disposición establece una regla altamente discrecional, según la cual la prueba obtenida mediante una violación de los derechos humanos internacionalmente reconocidos puede ser excluida del proceso si su admisión, en las circunstancias en que la prueba fue reunida, no es ética o viola la integridad de los procedimientos. Para facilitar el análisis de los precedentes, el artículo se divide en tres capítulos. En primer lugar, señala diferentes lógicas de exclusión de pruebas ilícitas, con el fin de extraer de estas lógicas factores de admisión/exclusión que puedan tener incidencia en la cpi. Luego hace algunos comentarios sobre el régimen de admisión y exclusión de prueba según la jurisprudencia de la Corte. Teniendo un marco histórico y legal para analizar las decisiones, el tercer capítulo articula las lógicas de exclusión con los precedentes de la cpi para tratar de identificar el razonamiento del artículo 69(7), y sugiere una interpretación evaluando si los precedentes son adecuados para ello.

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Jurisprudência

Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos (CEDH)

Gafgen v. Germany, Julgamento, Grand Chamber, 1 de junho de 2010,

ECHR App. no. 22978/05. https://www.legal-tools.org/doc/cfe8d9/pdf/.

Tribunal Penal Internacional – (TPI)

Prosecutor v. Al Hassan Ag Abdoul Aziz Ag Mohamed Ag Mahmoud (Al Hassan)

Public redacted version of ‘Decision on requests related to the submission into evidence of Mr Al Hassan’s statements’, Câmara de Julgamento X, 20 de maio de 2021, ICC-01/12-01/18. https://www.icc-cpi.int/CourtRecords/CR2021_04698.PDF.

Prosecutor v. Callixte Mbarushimana (Mbarushimana)

Decision on the Confirmation of Charges, Câmara de Julgamento Preliminar I, 16 de dezembro de 2011, ICC-01/04-01/10-465-Red. https://www.icc-cpi.int/pages/record.aspx?uri=1286409.

Prosecutor v. Dominic Ongwen (Ongwen)

Decision on Request to Admit Evidence Preserved Under Article 56 of the Statute, Câmara de Julgamento IX, 10 de agosto de 2016, ICC-02/04-01/15-520. https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/record.aspx?docNo=ICC-02/04-01/15-520.

Prosecutor v. Germain Katanga

Decision on the Joinder of the Cases against Germain Katanga and Mathieu Ngudjolo Chui, Câmara de Julgamento Preliminar I, 10 de março de 2008, ICC-01/04-01/07-257. https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/CourtRecords/CR2008_01129.PDF.

Decision on the Confirmation of Charges, Câmara de Julgamento Preliminar I, 14 de outubro de 2008, ICC-01/04-01/07-717. https://www.icc-cpi.int/pages/record.aspx?uri=571253.

Decision on the "Prosecution's Urgent Application to Be Permitted to Present as Incriminating Evidence Transcripts and translations of Videos and Video DRCOTP-1042-0006 pursuant to Regulation 35 and Request for Redactions (ICC-01/04-01/07-1260)”, Câmara de Julgamento II, 29 de julho de 2009, ICC-01/04-01/07-1336. https://www.icc-cpi.int/pages/record.aspx?uri=717126.

Decision on the Prosecutor's Bar Table Motions, Câmara de Julgamento II, 17 de dezembro de 2010, ICC-01/04-01/07-2635. https://www.icc-cpi.int/pages/record.aspx?uri=987504.

Prosecutor v. Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo (Bemba)

Decision on the admission into evidence of materials contained in the prosecution's list of evidence, Câmara de Julgamento III, 19 de novembro de 2010, ICC-01/05-01/08-1022. https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/CourtRecords/CR2010_10652.PDF.

Prosecutor v. Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo Aimé Kilolo Musamba, Jean-Jacques Mangenda Kabongo, Fidèle Babala Wandu And Narcisse Arido (Bemba et al.)

Decision on Kilolo Defence Motion for Inadmissibility of Material, Câmara de Julgamento VII, 16 de setembro de 2015, ICC-01/05-01/13-1257. https://www.icc-cpi.int/pages/record.aspx?uri=2060859.

Decision on Request to declare telephone intercepts inadmissible, Câmara de Julgamento VII, 24 de setembro de 2015, ICC-01/05-01/13-1284. https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/record.aspx?docNo=ICC-01/05-01/13-1284.

Decision on Bemba and Arido Defence Requests to Declare Certain Materials Inadmissible, Câmara de Julgamento VII, 30 de outubro de 2015, ICC-01/05-01/13-1432. https://www.icc-cpi.int/pages/record.aspx?uri=2125465.

Corrigendum of public redacted version of Decision on Prosecution Rule 68(2) and (3) Requests, Câmara de Julgamento VII, 15 de novembro de 2015, ICC-01/05-01/13-1478-Red-Corr. https://www.icc-cpi.int/pages/record.aspx?uri=2145405.

Decision on Narcisse Arido's Request to Preclude the Prosecution from Using Private Communications, Câmara de Julgamento VII, 10 de março de 2016, ICC-01/05-01/13-1711. https://www.legal-tools.org/doc/7f119c/pdf/.

Decision on Requests to Exclude Dutch Intercepts and Call Data Records. Câmara de Julgamento VII, 26 de abril de 2016, ICC-01/05-01/13-1855. https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/05-01/13-1855.

Decision on Requests to Exclude Western Union Documents and other Evidence Pursuant to Article 69(7), Câmara de Julgamento VII, 29 de abril de 2016, ICC-01/05-01/13-1854. https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/record.aspx?docNo=ICC-01/05-01/13-1854.

Decision on Request in Response to Two Austrian Decisions, Câmara de Julgamento VII, 14 de julho de 2016, ICC-01/05-01/13-1948. https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/record.aspx?docNo=ICC-01/05-01/13-1948.

Public Redacted Version of Judgment pursuant to Article 74 of the Statute, Câmara de Julgamento VII, 19 de outubro de 2016, ICC-01/05-01/13-1989-Red. https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/record.aspx?docNo=ICC-01/05-01/13-1989-Red.

Public Redacted Judgment on the appeals of Mr Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo, Mr Aimé Kilolo Musamba, Mr Jean-Jacques Mangenda Kabongo, Mr Fidèle Babala Wandu and Mr Narcisse Arido against the decision of Trial Chamber VII entitled “Judgment pursuant to Article 74 of the Statute”, Câmara de Apelações, 8 de março de 2018, ICC-01/05-01/13-2275-Red. https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/record.aspx?docNo=ICC-01/05-01/13-2275-Red.

Separate Opinion of Judge Geoffrey Henderson” in the “Public Redacted Judgment on the appeals of Mr Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo, Mr Aimé Kilolo Musamba, Mr Jean-Jacques Mangenda Kabongo, Mr Fidèle Babala Wandu and Mr Narcisse Arido against the decision of Trial Chamber VII entitled “Judgment pursuant to Article 74 of the Statute”, 8 de março de 2018, ICC-01/05-01/13-2275-Anx.

https://www.icc-cpi.int/RelatedRecords/CR2018_01633.PDF.

Prosecutor v. Thomas Lubanga Dylio

Decision on the final system of disclosure and the establishment of a timetable, Câmara de Julgamento Preliminar I, 15 de maio de 2006, ICC-01/04-01/06-102. https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/CourtRecords/CR2006_02355.PDF.

Judgment on the Appeal of Mr. Thomas Lubanga Dyilo against the Decision on the Defence Challenge to the Jurisdiction of the Court pursuant to article 19 (2) (a) of the Statute of 3 October 2006, Câmara de Apelações, 14 de dezembro de 2006, ICC-01/04-01/06-772. https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/CourtRecords/CR2007_01307.PDF.

Decision on the Confirmation of Charges, Câmara de Julgamento Preliminar I, 7 de fevereiro de 2007, ICC-01/04-01/06-803-tEN.

https://www.icc-cpi.int/pages/record.aspx?uri=266175.

Judgment on the Appeal of the Prosecutor against the decision of Trial Chamber I entitled "Decision on the consequences of non-disclosure of exculpatory materials covered by Article 54(3)(e) agreements and the application to stay the prosecution of the accused, together with certain other issues raised at the Status, Câmara de Apelações, 21 de outubro de 2008, ICC-01/04-01/06-1486. https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/CourtRecords/CR2008_05884.PDF.

Decision on the admission of material from the ‘bar table', Câmara de Julgamento I, 24 de junho de 2009, ICC-01/04-01/06-1981. https://www.icc-cpi.int/pages/record.aspx?uri=702244.

Corrigendum of Decision on the "Prosecution's Second Application for Admission of Documents from the Bar Table Pursuant to Article 64(9)", Câmara de Julgamento I, 25 de outubro de 2010, ICC-01/04-01/06-2589-Corr.

https://www.icc-cpi.int/pages/record.aspx?uri=957876.

Corrigendum to Decision on the admissibility of four documents, Câmara de Julgamento I, 21 de janeiro de 2011, ICC-01/04-01/06-1399-Corr.

https://www.icc-cpi.int/pages/record.aspx?uri=511238.

Tribunal Penal Internacional para a antiga Iugoslávia – (TPII)

Prosecutor v. Radoslav Brdjanin, Decision on the Defence Objection to Intercept Evidence, Câmara de Julgamento II, 3 de outubro de 2003, ICTY IT-99-36-T. https://www.icty.org/x/cases/brdanin/tdec/en/031003.htm.

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