Libertarianism in Bolivia: a social media analysis

This study examines the emergence and characteristics of libertarianism in Bolivia (LB) between 2022 and 2024, based on content analysis of Facebook and Instagram  communities and accounts identified as libertarian. The theoretical framework combines contributions on libertarian populism, sovereignty, and the far right 2.0, while the methodology organizes the analysis into four dimensions: economic, political-institutional, cultural/discursive, and strategic. The results show that Bolivian LB, although a minority and without consolidated national leadership, has achieved digital visibility through the appropriation of international symbols, the promotion of foreign figures—especially Javier Milei—and the adoption of global communication repertoires such as memes, trolling, and disinformation.

The cultural dimension occupies a central place, with recurrent attacks on feminist and LGTBIQ+ groups, inclusive language, and the so-called woke agenda, while economic references are more concise and reactive to the policies of the Movement Toward Socialism (MAS). The absence of solid national references, dependence on the current situation, and the heterogeneity of its digital communities raise questions about the LB’s ability to consolidate itself as a structured political actor and not just as a reactive phenomenon on social media.