'Por mi voz habla el ejército zapatista de liberación nacional', La evolución discursiva del zapatismo en las Declaraciones de la Selva Lacandona 1994-1996

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to define the EZLN (Zapatista Army of National Liberation) discourse, its nature and the evolving process involved in its early public presence, between 1994 and 1996. The proposed discourse analysis is focused to identify the parameters used by the zapatistas to carry out dialogue processes with the Mexican Government, national and international civil society, whilst undertaking their emancipatory struggle. These parameters are identified through a close reading of the four Declarations of the Lacandona Jungle, conceived by the zapatistas as privileged instruments for the communication of their message to civil society. The latter can provide interesting insights on the ideological and operative basis of this political movement, as well as the different levels of manifestation of the zapatista political and ideological project. The methodology that is used to elaborate a detailed reading of these texts is influenced greatly by the political thought of Ernesto Laclau y Chantal Mffe. Laclau and Mouffe have long reflected on the possibility of analysing political struggles that attempt to question and displace hegemonic discourse and powers in the ideological and political field. Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. Both have reflected on the possibility of analysing political struggles thatattempt to question and displace hegemonic discourse and powers in the ideological and political field.