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United States–Latin America Relations in the Trump Era

The foreign policy strategy implemented during President Donald Trump's second administration toward Latin America reflects an extension of his domestic priorities, grounded in the principles of America First and Make America Great Again, as outlined in his latest National Security Strategy. As a result, Latin America is experiencing the effects of the strategic instrumentalization of a renewed Monroe Doctrine—as established in that strategy—based on economic and security interests during the Trump era.

This context creates a need for new analyses and reflections on the events that have marked the return of great power politics to the region in a “2.0” version. One notable example is Operation Absolute Resolution, which involved a direct intervention by U.S. troops in Venezuela on January 3, 2026, culminating in the capture of President Nicolás Maduro and Cilia Flores. Since then, multiple developments have emerged that warrant critical reflection and analysis, motivating this special issue. Among them are:

  • The implementation of the “Donroe Doctrine”
  • The establishment of the “Shield of the Americas”
  • The repercussions of “Operation Total Extermination”, with direct impacts on Colombia and Ecuador
  • The adoption of a “zero-sum” rhetoric, aimed primarily at nations perceived as threats to U.S. domestic security
  • The formation of new alliances with regional leaders, both supportive of and opposed to the America First agenda

This special issue of Desafíos seeks to bring together diverse perspectives that contribute to the debate through innovative and critical approaches, grounded in interdisciplinary dialogue, to examine the complexity of contemporary hemispheric relations.

Suggested Thematic Areas
  • Discourse analysis and rhetoric: Donald Trump’s narrative toward Latin America
  • Trump and the global conservative agenda
  • Charismatic leadership in the region and its relationship with Trump
  • Regional geopolitics: the role of Cuba and Venezuela in U.S.–Latin America relations
  • Human mobility: migration and the securitization of borders
  • Territorial sovereignty
  • Present and future of U.S. cooperation with the region
  • Geoeconomics and trade policies as instruments of hegemonic pressure
  • Agency and social resistance movements
  • Feminist perspectives on U.S.–Latin America relations in the Trump era
  • Country case studies: bilateral relations and cooperation experiences between the United States and Latin American countries
  • Energy reconfiguration and U.S. intervention in the region
Recommendations for Authors
  • Titles: Concise and focused, including key terms. Titles must be provided in Spanish, English, and Portuguese.
  • Abstracts: Maximum 250 words. Abstracts must be provided in Spanish, English, and Portuguese.
  • Keywords: Use single terms rather than phrases or sentences. Include 5 to 8 keywords, preferably standardized descriptors drawn from recognized thesauri (e.g., MeSH, DeCS, UNESCO). Keywords must be provided in Spanish, English, and Portuguese.
  • References: Each reference must include a DOI or URL whenever available. Citations included in the text must correspond exactly to entries listed in the reference section. References generated by AI that cannot be verified should not be included.
  • Submit high-resolution images through the platform to ensure proper layout and formatting.
  • Submit editable tables whenever applicable, allowing for necessary copyediting adjustments. For extensive datasets, authors are encouraged to provide links or supplementary materials rather than including data that exceed the article’s length.
  • Ensure that all tables and figures include a title and source.
  • Author information: All authors and co-authors must provide their institutional affiliation, ORCID identifier, and email address.